Toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity studies of CCR4-IL2 bispecific immunotoxin in rats and minipigs. 2024

Zhaohui Wang, and Rashmi Ramakrishna, and Yong Wang, and Yue Qiu, and Jihong Ma, and Danielle Mintzlaff, and Huiping Zhang, and Bing Li, and Benjamin Hammell, and M Scott Lucia, and Elizabeth Pomfret, and An-Jey A Su, and Kia M Washington, and David W Mathes, and Zhirui Wang
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.

We have developed a diphtheria toxin-based recombinant human CCR4-IL2 bispecific immunotoxin (CCR4-IL2-IT) for targeted therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). CCR4-IL2-IT demonstrated superior efficacy in an immunodeficient mouse CTCL model. Recently, we have compared the in vivo efficacy of CCR4-IL2-IT versus Brentuximab (FDA approved leading drug in CTCL market) in the same immunodeficient mouse CTCL model. The comparison demonstrated that CCR4-IL2-IT was significantly more effective than Brentuximab. In this study, we have performed non-GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) toxicology, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity studies of CCR4-IL2-IT in both rats and minipigs. CCR4-IL2-IT demonstrated excellent safety profiles in both rats and minipigs. The maximum tolerated dose of CCR4-IL2-IT was determined as 0.4 mg/kg in both rats and minipigs. Complete blood count and chemistry analysis did not show significant difference for all measured parameters between the blood samples of pre-injection versus post-injection from the five-day toxicology studies of CCT4-IL2-IT in both rats and minipigs. Histology analysis did not show difference between the PBS treatment group versus CCR4-IL2-IT treatment group at 50 μg/kg in both rats and minipigs. The half-life of CCR4-IL2-IT was determined as about 45 min in rats and 30 min in minipigs. The antibodies against CCR4-IL2-IT were detected in about two weeks after CCR4-IL2-IT treatment. CCR4-IL2-IT did not induce cytokine release syndrome in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell derived humanized mouse model. The depletion of CCR4+ cell and CD25+ cell (two target cell populations of CCR4-IL2-IT) was observed in minipigs. The excellent safety profile promoted us to further develop CCR4-IL2-IT towards clinical trials.

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