Biomaterial Database

A comparison of some casting materials. 1985

J E Houlton, and M J Brearley

The physical and mechanical properties of four casting materials are compared with two plaster of Paris preparations. Properties evaluated include working and specific strengths, resistance to abrasion and radiolucency. Ease of application, conformability and rate of strength development are discussed and the clinical relevance of these properties is considered.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010969	Plastics	Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticizers, pigments, and stabilizers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)	Plastic
D011140	Polyurethanes	A group of thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers containing polyisocyanate. They are used as ELASTOMERS, as coatings, as fibers and as foams.	Polyisocyanates,Ostamer,Pellethane,Spandex,Ostamers,Pellethanes,Polyisocyanate,Polyurethane,Spandices
D011859	Radiography	Examination of any part of the body for diagnostic purposes by means of X-RAYS or GAMMA RAYS, recording the image on a sensitized surface (such as photographic film).	Radiology, Diagnostic X-Ray,Roentgenography,X-Ray, Diagnostic,Diagnostic X-Ray,Diagnostic X-Ray Radiology,X-Ray Radiology, Diagnostic,Diagnostic X Ray,Diagnostic X Ray Radiology,Diagnostic X-Rays,Radiology, Diagnostic X Ray,X Ray Radiology, Diagnostic,X Ray, Diagnostic,X-Rays, Diagnostic
D002133	Calcium Sulfate	A calcium salt that is used for a variety of purposes including: building materials, as a desiccant, in dentistry as an impression material, cast, or die, and in medicine for immobilizing casts and as a tablet excipient. It exists in various forms and states of hydration. Plaster of Paris is a mixture of powdered and heat-treated gypsum.	Dental Gypsum,Dental Stone, Artificial,Gypsum,Plaster of Paris,Alabaster,Anhydrous Sulfate of Lime,Artificial Dental Stone,Calcium Sulfate (1:1), Dihydrate,Calcium Sulfate (1:1), Hemihydrate,Calcium Sulfate (2:1),Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate,Calcium Sulfate, Anhydrous,Calcium Sulfate, Dihydrate,Calcium Sulfate, Hemihydrate,Calcium Sulphate,Drierite,Gypsite,Gypsum, Dental,Karstenite,Stone, Artificial Dental
D002370	Casts, Surgical	Dressings made of fiberglass, plastic, or bandage impregnated with plaster of paris used for immobilization of various parts of the body in cases of fractures, dislocations, and infected wounds. In comparison with plaster casts, casts made of fiberglass or plastic are lightweight, radiolucent, able to withstand moisture, and less rigid.	Fiberglass Casts,Plaster Casts,Plastic Casts,Cast, Surgical,Surgical Cast,Surgical Casts,Cast, Fiberglass,Cast, Plaster,Cast, Plastic,Casts, Fiberglass,Casts, Plaster,Casts, Plastic,Fiberglass Cast,Plaster Cast,Plastic Cast
D005898	Glass	Hard, amorphous, brittle, inorganic, usually transparent, polymerous silicate of basic oxides, usually potassium or sodium. It is used in the form of hard sheets, vessels, tubing, fibers, ceramics, beads, etc.
D000180	Acrylic Resins	Polymers of high molecular weight which are derived from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or other related compounds and are capable of being molded and then hardened to form useful components.	Acrylic Resin,Resin, Acrylic,Resins, Acrylic
D000538	Aluminum Silicates	Any of the numerous types of clay which contain varying proportions of Al2O3 and SiO2. They are made synthetically by heating aluminum fluoride at 1000-2000 degrees C with silica and water vapor. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)	Aluminum Silicate,Silicate, Aluminum,Silicates, Aluminum
D013165	Splints	Rigid or flexible appliances that are used to maintain a displaced or movable part in position, or to maintain the position of and protect an injured part.	Dynamic Orthoses,Dynamic Splint,Dynamic Splinting,Dynamic Splints,Static Orthoses,Static Splint,Static Splinting,Static Splints,Dynamic Splintings,Splint,Splint, Dynamic,Splint, Static,Splinting, Dynamic,Splinting, Static,Splints, Dynamic,Splints, Static,Static Orthose
D013718	Tensile Strength	The maximum stress a material subjected to a stretching load can withstand without tearing. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed, p2001)	Strength, Tensile,Strengths, Tensile,Tensile Strengths