Adoptive immunotherapy with cells from tumor-draining lymph nodes activated and expanded in vitro. 2024

Carolyn Haynes, and Laura Graham, and Harry D Bear
School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; The Massey Cancer Center at Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.

Tumor-draining lymph nodes (tumor-DLNs) provide a rich source of tumor-reactive lymphocytes which can be used in adoptive immunotherapy (AIT) and that circumvent the need to resect autologous tumor, without the challenges and shortcomings associated with using autologous tumor or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. Bryostatin/Ionomycin (Bryo/Io) provide a useful method of activating tumor-DLNs such that they can readily be expanded to sufficient numbers to be used in AIT, and growing the tumor-DLN lymphocytes in the gamma chain cytokines IL-7 plus IL-15 is superior to IL-2 in terms of T cell numbers and phenotype. AIT with these cells induces tumor regression and provides protection against metastases and future tumor challenge. Here, we provide a stepwise protocol to sensitize tumor-DLN cells in donor mice, activate tumor-DLN T cells ex vivo using Bryo/Io, expansion of these cells in gamma chain cytokines and adoptive transfer of the expanded cells back into tumor-bearing hosts. Methods relevant to these experiments, such as injecting tumor cells intravenously and monitoring for pulmonary metastases, tumor volume measurement and resection, and use of luciferase-expressing tumor cells to monitor for metastases following resection, are described in detail. The methods outlined herein can be easily adapted to suit similar experiments across multiple tumor cell lines and syngeneic mouse models.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008198 Lymph Nodes They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system. Lymph Node,Node, Lymph,Nodes, Lymph
D008213 Lymphocyte Activation Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION. Blast Transformation,Blastogenesis,Lymphoblast Transformation,Lymphocyte Stimulation,Lymphocyte Transformation,Transformation, Blast,Transformation, Lymphoblast,Transformation, Lymphocyte,Activation, Lymphocyte,Stimulation, Lymphocyte
D008810 Mice, Inbred C57BL One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases. Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D015759 Ionomycin A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes. SQ-23377,SQ 23377,SQ23377
D016207 Cytokines Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner. Cytokine
D016219 Immunotherapy, Adoptive Form of adoptive transfer where cells with antitumor activity are transferred to the tumor-bearing host in order to mediate tumor regression. The lymphoid cells commonly used are lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). This is usually considered a form of passive immunotherapy. (From DeVita, et al., Cancer, 1993, pp.305-7, 314) Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy,Adoptive Immunotherapy,CAR T-Cell Therapy,Cellular Immunotherapy, Adoptive,Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy,Immunotherapy, Adoptive Cellular,Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapies,Adoptive Immunotherapies,CAR T Cell Therapy,CAR T-Cell Therapies,Cellular Immunotherapies, Adoptive,Immunotherapies, Adoptive,Immunotherapies, Adoptive Cellular,T-Cell Therapies, CAR,T-Cell Therapy, CAR,Therapies, CAR T-Cell,Therapy, CAR T-Cell
D051379 Mice The common name for the genus Mus. Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D054713 Bryostatins A group of 20-member macrolactones in which there are three remotely substituted pyran rings that are linked by a methylene bridge and an E-disubstituted alkene and have geminal dimethyls at C8 and C18 carbons. Some interact with PROTEIN KINASE C. Bryostatin

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