Biomaterial Database

Isolation and characterization of factors from wheat germ that exhibit eukaryotic initiation factor 4B activity and overcome 7-methylguanosine 5'-triphosphate inhibition of polypeptide synthesis. 1985

S Lax, and W Fritz, and K Browning, and J Ravel

Three highly purified preparations (preparations I, II-1, and II-2) have been obtained from wheat germ and shown to support in vitro polypeptide synthesis directed by capped or uncapped mRNAs in a eukaryotic initiation factor 4B (eIF-4B)-deficient system. The three preparations differ, however, in polypeptide composition and in the ability to overcome the inhibitory effect of 7-methylguanosine 5'-triphosphate (m7GTP) on in vitro polypeptide synthesis. Preparation I contains two polypeptides (Mr = 80,000 and 28,000), which are present in a 1:1 molar ratio and are associated in a high molecular weight complex. Preparation II-1 contains two major polypeptides (Mr = 220,000 and 26,000) and preparation II-2 also contains two major polypeptides (Mr = 110,000 and 26,000). Preparations II-1 and II-2 are high molecular weight complexes; neither contains detectable amounts of a Mr 80,000 or a Mr 50,000 component. Preparations II-1 and II-2 both overcome m7GTP inhibition, whereas preparation I does not. These findings raise several questions with regard to the identity of eIF-4B and its relationship to cap recognition factors.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D010448	Peptide Initiation Factors	Protein factors uniquely required during the initiation phase of protein synthesis in GENETIC TRANSLATION.	Initiation Factors,Initiation Factor,Factors, Peptide Initiation,Initiation Factors, Peptide
D010452	Peptide Biosynthesis	The production of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS by the constituents of a living organism. The biosynthesis of proteins on RIBOSOMES following an RNA template is termed translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC). There are other, non-ribosomal peptide biosynthesis (PEPTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEIC ACID-INDEPENDENT) mechanisms carried out by PEPTIDE SYNTHASES and PEPTIDYLTRANSFERASES. Further modifications of peptide chains yield functional peptide and protein molecules.	Biosynthesis, Peptide
D002852	Chromatography, Ion Exchange	Separation technique in which the stationary phase consists of ion exchange resins. The resins contain loosely held small ions that easily exchange places with other small ions of like charge present in solutions washed over the resins.	Chromatography, Ion-Exchange,Ion-Exchange Chromatography,Chromatographies, Ion Exchange,Chromatographies, Ion-Exchange,Ion Exchange Chromatographies,Ion Exchange Chromatography,Ion-Exchange Chromatographies
D012314	RNA Cap Analogs	Analogs of RNA cap compounds which do not have a positive charge. These compounds inhibit the initiation of translation of both capped and uncapped messenger RNA.	RNA Cap Analogues,Analogs, RNA Cap,Analogues, RNA Cap,Cap Analogs, RNA,Cap Analogues, RNA
D012315	RNA Caps	Nucleic acid structures found on the 5' end of eukaryotic cellular and viral messenger RNA and some heterogeneous nuclear RNAs. These structures, which are positively charged, protect the above specified RNAs at their termini against attack by phosphatases and other nucleases and promote mRNA function at the level of initiation of translation. Analogs of the RNA caps (RNA CAP ANALOGS), which lack the positive charge, inhibit the initiation of protein synthesis.	RNA Cap,5' Capped RNA,5' mRNA Cap Structure,Cap, RNA,Caps, RNA,RNA, 5' Capped
D012333	RNA, Messenger	RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.	Messenger RNA,Messenger RNA, Polyadenylated,Poly(A) Tail,Poly(A)+ RNA,Poly(A)+ mRNA,RNA, Messenger, Polyadenylated,RNA, Polyadenylated,mRNA,mRNA, Non-Polyadenylated,mRNA, Polyadenylated,Non-Polyadenylated mRNA,Poly(A) RNA,Polyadenylated mRNA,Non Polyadenylated mRNA,Polyadenylated Messenger RNA,Polyadenylated RNA,RNA, Polyadenylated Messenger,mRNA, Non Polyadenylated
D014908	Triticum	A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.	Wheat,Durum Wheat,Triticum aestivum,Triticum durum,Triticum spelta,Triticum turgidum,Triticum turgidum subsp. durum,Triticum vulgare,Durum Wheats,Wheat, Durum
D039642	Eukaryotic Initiation Factors	Peptide initiation factors from eukaryotic organisms. Over twelve factors are involved in PEPTIDE CHAIN INITIATION, TRANSLATIONAL in eukaryotic cells. Many of these factors play a role in controlling the rate of MRNA TRANSLATION.	Peptide Initiation Factors, Eukaryotic,Translation Initiation Factors, Eukaryotic,Eukaryotic Peptide Initiation Factors,Initiation Factors, Eukaryotic