Lineage-tracing hematopoietic stem cell origins in vivo to efficiently make human HLF+ HOXA+ hematopoietic progenitors from pluripotent stem cells. 2024

Jonas L Fowler, and Sherry Li Zheng, and Alana Nguyen, and Angela Chen, and Xiaochen Xiong, and Timothy Chai, and Julie Y Chen, and Daiki Karigane, and Allison M Banuelos, and Kouta Niizuma, and Kensuke Kayamori, and Toshinobu Nishimura, and M Kyle Cromer, and David Gonzalez-Perez, and Charlotte Mason, and Daniel Dan Liu, and Leyla Yilmaz, and Lucile Miquerol, and Matthew H Porteus, and Vincent C Luca, and Ravindra Majeti, and Hiromitsu Nakauchi, and Kristy Red-Horse, and Irving L Weissman, and Lay Teng Ang, and Kyle M Loh
Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

The developmental origin of blood-forming hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is a longstanding question. Here, our non-invasive genetic lineage tracing in mouse embryos pinpoints that artery endothelial cells generate HSCs. Arteries are transiently competent to generate HSCs for 2.5 days (∼E8.5-E11) but subsequently cease, delimiting a narrow time frame for HSC formation in vivo. Guided by the arterial origins of blood, we efficiently and rapidly differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into posterior primitive streak, lateral mesoderm, artery endothelium, hemogenic endothelium, and >90% pure hematopoietic progenitors within 10 days. hPSC-derived hematopoietic progenitors generate T, B, NK, erythroid, and myeloid cells in vitro and, critically, express hallmark HSC transcription factors HLF and HOXA5-HOXA10, which were previously challenging to upregulate. We differentiated hPSCs into highly enriched HLF+ HOXA+ hematopoietic progenitors with near-stoichiometric efficiency by blocking formation of unwanted lineages at each differentiation step. hPSC-derived HLF+ HOXA+ hematopoietic progenitors could avail both basic research and cellular therapies.

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