Repeat Mitral Valve Interventions After Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair:The COAPT Trial. 2024

Bahira Shahim, and David J Cohen, and Federico M Asch, and Jeroen Bax, and Isaac George, and Andreas Rück, and Ori Ben-Yehuda, and Saibal Kar, and D Scott Lim, and John T Saxon, and Zhipeng Zhou, and JoAnn Lindenfeld, and William T Abraham, and Michael J Mack, and Gregg W Stone
Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Insititutet, Stocholm, Sweden; Cardiology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm Sweden.

The frequency and effectiveness of repeat mitral valve interventions (RMVI) after transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) for secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) are unknown. We aimed to examine the rate of and outcomes following RMVI after TEER in the COAPT trial. The COAPT tria randomized heart failure (HF) patients with severe secondary MR to TEER with the MitraClipTM device plus guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) versus GDMT alone. We evaluated the characteristics and outcomes of patients who had a RMVI during 4-year follow-up. A MitraClip implant was attempted in 293 patients randomized to TEER+GDMT, 10 of whom (underwent a RMVI procedure (9 repeat TEER and 1 surgical mitral valve replacement) after 4-years of follow-up (cumulative incidence 3.90%,95% CI 2.08-7.08; median 182 days after the initial procedure). Patients with RMVI had larger mitral annular diameters, fewer clips implanted and were more likely to have ≥3+ MR at discharge compared with those without RMVI. Reasons for RMVI included failed index procedure due to difficult transseptal puncture (n=2) or tamponade (n=1); residual or recurrent severe MR after an initially successful procedure (n=5); partial clip detachment (n=1); and site-assessed mitral stenosis (n=1). RMVI was successful in 8/10 (80%) patients. Patients who underwent RMVI had higher 4-year rates of HFH but similar mortality compared with those without RMVI. The annualized incidence rates of all HFH in patients who underwent RMVI were 234 events per 100 person years (95% CI 139-395) pre-RMVI and 46 per 100 person years (95% CI 25-86) post-RMVI as compared with 32 events per 100 patient years (95% CI 28-36) among patients not undergoing RMVI. The rate ratio of HFH was reduced after RMVI in patients undergoing RMVI (0.20, 95% CI 0.09-0.45).

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