Epitope mapping and a candidate vaccine design from canine distemper virus. 2024

Camila Pereira Dos Santos, and Jerlane Tarcilia Gomes Telles, and Georgia de Freitas Guimarães, and Laura Helena Vega Gonzales Gil, and Amanda Mota Vieira, and Jose Wilton Pinheiro Junior, and Carlos Eduardo Calzavara-Silva, and Rita de Cássia CarvalhoMaia
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.

Canine distemper (CD) is a worldwide spread disease that has been described in 12 families of mammals, especially in the Carnivora order, being better studied in domestic canines where vaccination represents the best means of control. CD is controlled by vaccination, but many cases of the disease still occur in vaccinated animals. The aim of this work was to study antigen-specific epitopes that can subsidize the development of a new vaccine approach. Mapping of T cell reactive epitopes for CD virus (CDV) was carried out through enzyme-linked immunospot assays using 119 overlapped synthetic peptides from the viral hemagglutinin protein, grouped in 22 pools forming a matrix to test the immune response of 32 animals. Evaluations using the criteria established to identify reactive pools, demonstrated that 26 animals presented at least one reactive pool, that one pool was not reactive to any animal, and six pools were the most frequent among the reactive peptides. The crisscrossing of the most reactive pools in the matrix revealed nine peptides considered potential candidate epitopes for T cell stimulation against the CDV and those were used to design an in-silico protein, containing also predicted epitopes for B cell stimulation, and further analyzed using immune epitope databases to ensure protein quality and stability. The final in silico optimized protein presents characteristics that qualify it to be used to develop a new prototype epitope-based anti-CDV vaccine.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D004216 Distemper A name for several highly contagious viral diseases of animals, especially canine distemper. In dogs, it is caused by the canine distemper virus (DISTEMPER VIRUS, CANINE). It is characterized by a diphasic fever, leukopenia, gastrointestinal and respiratory inflammation and sometimes, neurologic complications. In cats it is known as FELINE PANLEUKOPENIA. Canine Distemper,Distemper, Canine,Canine Distempers,Distempers,Distempers, Canine
D004217 Distemper Virus, Canine A species of MORBILLIVIRUS causing distemper in dogs, wolves, foxes, raccoons, and ferrets. Pinnipeds have also been known to contract Canine distemper virus from contact with domestic dogs. Canine Distemper Virus,Canine Distemper Viruses,Distemper Viruses, Canine
D004285 Dogs The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065) Canis familiaris,Dog
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014765 Viral Vaccines Suspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral disease. Viral Vaccine,Vaccine, Viral,Vaccines, Viral
D058501 Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assay A method of detection of the number of cells in a sample secreting a specific molecule. With this method, a population of cells are plated over top of the immunosorbent substrate that captures the secreted molecules. ELISPOT,Assay, Enzyme-Linked Immunospot,Assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunospot,Enzyme Linked Immunospot Assay,Enzyme-Linked Immunospot Assays,Immunospot Assay, Enzyme-Linked,Immunospot Assays, Enzyme-Linked
D018604 Epitope Mapping Methods used for studying the interactions of antibodies with specific regions of protein antigens. Important applications of epitope mapping are found within the area of immunochemistry. Epitope Mappings,Mapping, Epitope,Mappings, Epitope
D018984 Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen. T-Cell Epitopes,T-Lymphocyte Epitopes,T-Cell Epitope,T-Lymphocyte Epitope,Epitope, T-Cell,Epitope, T-Lymphocyte,Epitopes, T Lymphocyte,Epitopes, T-Cell,T Cell Epitope,T Cell Epitopes,T Lymphocyte Epitope,T Lymphocyte Epitopes

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