Biomaterial Database

Nerve fibres containing peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) in the respiratory tract. 1985

R Uddman, and A Luts, and F Sundler

Recent studies have indicated that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) are formed by cleavage of a common precursor protein. In the present study we have examined the distribution of nerve fibres displaying PHI-like immunoreactivity in the upper respiratory tract of several mammalian species including man. PHI fibres were found to have the same general distribution as previously described for VIP fibres. These fibres were distributed mainly in the subepithelial connective tissue around both seromucous glands and blood vessels. In the tracheal wall, PHI fibres were also seen in the non-vascular smooth muscle. Sequential immunostaining for PHI and VIP revealed co-existence of the two peptides in the same nerve fibres.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009297	Nasal Mucosa	The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.	Nasal Epithelium,Schneiderian Membrane,Epithelium, Nasal,Membrane, Schneiderian,Mucosa, Nasal
D009412	Nerve Fibers	Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Cerebellar Mossy Fibers,Mossy Fibers, Cerebellar,Cerebellar Mossy Fiber,Mossy Fiber, Cerebellar,Nerve Fiber
D009419	Nerve Tissue Proteins		Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D010451	Peptide PHI	A 27-amino acid peptide with histidine at the N-terminal and isoleucine amide at the C-terminal. The exact amino acid composition of the peptide is species dependent. The peptide is secreted in the intestine, but is found in the nervous system, many organs, and in the majority of peripheral tissues. It has a wide range of biological actions, affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, respiratory, and central nervous systems.	Neuropeptide PHI 27,PHI Peptide,Peptide Histidine-Isoleucine,Peptide PHM,Human PHI,PHM Neuropeptide,PHM-27,Peptide HI,Peptide Histidine Methionine,Peptide PHI-27,Peptide-Histidine-Isoleucinamide,Porcine Intestinal Heptacosapeptide,Pro-Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide,Heptacosapeptide, Porcine Intestinal,Histidine Methionine, Peptide,Histidine-Isoleucine, Peptide,Intestinal Heptacosapeptide, Porcine,Intestinal Peptide, Pro-Vasoactive,Methionine, Peptide Histidine,Neuropeptide, PHM,PHI, Human,PHM, Peptide,Peptide Histidine Isoleucinamide,Peptide Histidine Isoleucine,Peptide PHI 27,Peptide, PHI,Peptide, Pro-Vasoactive Intestinal,Pro Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D001980	Bronchi	The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.	Primary Bronchi,Primary Bronchus,Secondary Bronchi,Secondary Bronchus,Tertiary Bronchi,Tertiary Bronchus,Bronchi, Primary,Bronchi, Secondary,Bronchi, Tertiary,Bronchus,Bronchus, Primary,Bronchus, Secondary,Bronchus, Tertiary
D002415	Cats	The domestic cat, Felis catus, of the carnivore family FELIDAE, comprising over 30 different breeds. The domestic cat is descended primarily from the wild cat of Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Though probably present in towns in Palestine as long ago as 7000 years, actual domestication occurred in Egypt about 4000 years ago. (From Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th ed, p801)	Felis catus,Felis domesticus,Domestic Cats,Felis domestica,Felis sylvestris catus,Cat,Cat, Domestic,Cats, Domestic,Domestic Cat
D004432	Ear, Middle	The space and structures directly internal to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE and external to the inner ear (LABYRINTH). Its major components include the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE that connects the cavity of middle ear (tympanic cavity) to the upper part of the throat.	Tympanic Cavity,Tympanum,Middle Ear,Cavities, Tympanic,Cavity, Tympanic,Ears, Middle,Middle Ears,Tympanic Cavities,Tympanums
D005064	Eustachian Tube	A narrow passageway that connects the upper part of the throat to the TYMPANIC CAVITY.	Auditory Tube,Pharyngotympanic Tube,Auditory Tubes,Eustachian Tubes,Pharyngotympanic Tubes,Tube, Auditory,Tube, Eustachian,Tube, Pharyngotympanic,Tubes, Auditory,Tubes, Eustachian,Tubes, Pharyngotympanic
D005455	Fluorescent Antibody Technique	Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.	Antinuclear Antibody Test, Fluorescent,Coon's Technique,Fluorescent Antinuclear Antibody Test,Fluorescent Protein Tracing,Immunofluorescence Technique,Coon's Technic,Fluorescent Antibody Technic,Immunofluorescence,Immunofluorescence Technic,Antibody Technic, Fluorescent,Antibody Technics, Fluorescent,Antibody Technique, Fluorescent,Antibody Techniques, Fluorescent,Coon Technic,Coon Technique,Coons Technic,Coons Technique,Fluorescent Antibody Technics,Fluorescent Antibody Techniques,Fluorescent Protein Tracings,Immunofluorescence Technics,Immunofluorescence Techniques,Protein Tracing, Fluorescent,Protein Tracings, Fluorescent,Technic, Coon's,Technic, Fluorescent Antibody,Technic, Immunofluorescence,Technics, Fluorescent Antibody,Technics, Immunofluorescence,Technique, Coon's,Technique, Fluorescent Antibody,Technique, Immunofluorescence,Techniques, Fluorescent Antibody,Techniques, Immunofluorescence,Tracing, Fluorescent Protein,Tracings, Fluorescent Protein