Biomaterial Database

Regulation of water permeability in toad urinary bladder at two barriers. 1985

W A Kachadorian, and S Sariban-Sohraby, and K R Spring

The effects of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition by naproxen were studied in toad bladder. Luminal membrane water permeability was evaluated both by the frequency of intramembranous particle aggregates in granular cell luminal membrane and by direct assessment of the rate of change of cell volume during perfusion of an anisosmotic solution. Total tissue water permeability was assessed by transbladder osmotic water flow. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis caused luminal membrane water permeability to increase much more than expected from tissue permeability measurements. The addition of a very low dose of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (0.125 mU/ml) during prostaglandin synthesis inhibition increased luminal membrane water permeability to the same level as maximal stimulation with ADH, while tissue water permeability failed to increase proportionately. The results imply the presence of a regulatable barrier to water movement across toad bladder that is distal to the luminal membrane and subject to control by either prostaglandins or ADH.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009288	Naproxen	An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.	Aleve,Anaprox,Methoxypropiocin,Naprosin,Naprosyn,Naproxen Sodium,Proxen,Sodium Naproxenate,Synflex,Naproxenate, Sodium,Sodium, Naproxen
D009994	Osmolar Concentration	The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.	Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D009995	Osmosis	Tendency of fluids (e.g., water) to move from the less concentrated to the more concentrated side of a semipermeable membrane.	Osmoses
D010539	Permeability	Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.	Permeabilities
D001743	Urinary Bladder	A musculomembranous sac along the URINARY TRACT. URINE flows from the KIDNEYS into the bladder via the ureters (URETER), and is held there until URINATION.	Bladder,Bladder Detrusor Muscle,Detrusor Urinae,Bladder Detrusor Muscles,Bladder, Urinary,Detrusor Muscle, Bladder,Detrusor Muscles, Bladder
D001834	Body Water	Fluids composed mainly of water found within the body.	Water, Body
D002024	Bufo marinus	A species of the true toads, Bufonidae, becoming fairly common in the southern United States and almost pantropical. The secretions from the skin glands of this species are very toxic to animals.	Rhinella marina,Toad, Giant,Toad, Marine,Giant Toad,Giant Toads,Marine Toad,Marine Toads,Toads, Giant,Toads, Marine
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014667	Vasopressins	Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water balance and OSMOLARITY. In general, vasopressin is a nonapeptide consisting of a six-amino-acid ring with a cysteine 1 to cysteine 6 disulfide bridge or an octapeptide containing a CYSTINE. All mammals have arginine vasopressin except the pig with a lysine at position 8. Vasopressin, a vasoconstrictor, acts on the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS to increase water reabsorption, increase blood volume and blood pressure.	Antidiuretic Hormone,Antidiuretic Hormones,beta-Hypophamine,Pitressin,Vasopressin,Vasopressin (USP),Hormone, Antidiuretic,beta Hypophamine