Biomaterial Database

Detection of anti-extractable nuclear antigens in connective tissue diseases: comparison between passive hemagglutination, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. 1985

A Siracusano, and M Agelli, and S Ioppolo, and F Quintieri, and S Bombardieri

Antibodies to the three major components of the complex called soluble extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) were detected by passive hemagglutination (HA), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and double immunodiffusion (DI) in 256 patients with connective tissue diseases. Anti-ENA antibodies were demonstrated by all the three employed methods in only 44.9% of the cases. These methods were not able to detect all antibodies to these antigens or any single specificity; CIE was however the most sensitive method for anti-RNP and HA for anti-Sm antibodies, while DI was the most suitable technique for serum samples with multiple anti-ENA specificities. Only in less than 50% of the cases the specificity detected by HA was comparable with that given by CIE or DI. Hence, for detecting anti-ENA antibodies a combination of these methods should be maintained, at least until more precise and reliable methods will become available.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007122	Immunoelectrophoresis	A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.
D009698	Nucleoproteins	Proteins conjugated with nucleic acids.	Nucleoprotein
D003240	Connective Tissue Diseases	A heterogeneous group of disorders, some hereditary, others acquired, characterized by abnormal structure or function of one or more of the elements of connective tissue, i.e., collagen, elastin, or the mucopolysaccharides.	Connective Tissue Disease,Disease, Connective Tissue,Diseases, Connective Tissue
D003378	Counterimmunoelectrophoresis	Immunoelectrophoresis in which immunoprecipitation occurs when antigen at the cathode is caused to migrate in an electric field through a suitable medium of diffusion against a stream of antibody migrating from the anode as a result of endosmotic flow.	Electrosyneresis,Immunoelectroosmophoresis,Immunoelectrophoresis, Countercurrent,Immunoelectrophoresis, Crossover,Countercurrent Immunoelectrophoresis,Crossover Immunoelectrophoresis
D005779	Immunodiffusion	Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.	Gel Diffusion Tests,Diffusion Test, Gel,Diffusion Tests, Gel,Gel Diffusion Test,Immunodiffusions,Test, Gel Diffusion,Tests, Gel Diffusion
D006384	Hemagglutination	The aggregation of ERYTHROCYTES by AGGLUTININS, including antibodies, lectins, and viral proteins (HEMAGGLUTINATION, VIRAL).	Hemagglutinations
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000918	Antibody Specificity	The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.	Antibody Specificities,Specificities, Antibody,Specificity, Antibody
D000974	Antibodies, Antinuclear	Autoantibodies directed against various nuclear antigens including DNA, RNA, histones, acidic nuclear proteins, or complexes of these molecular elements. Antinuclear antibodies are found in systemic autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, polymyositis, and mixed connective tissue disease.	Anti-DNA Antibodies,Antibodies, Anti-DNA,Antinuclear Antibodies,Antinuclear Autoantibodies,Antinuclear Autoantibody,Antinuclear Factors,Antinuclear Antibody,Antinuclear Factor,Anti DNA Antibodies,Antibody, Antinuclear,Autoantibody, Antinuclear,Factor, Antinuclear
D034961	Antigens, Nuclear	Immunologically detectable substances found in the CELL NUCLEUS.	Extractable Nuclear Antigen,Nuclear Antigen,Nuclear Antigens,Extractable Nuclear Antigens,Antigen, Extractable Nuclear,Antigen, Nuclear,Antigens, Extractable Nuclear,Nuclear Antigen, Extractable,Nuclear Antigens, Extractable