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In order to evaluate the effect of hyperprolactinaemia on gonadal function in men, testicular stimulation by human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (5000 IU/day, 3 consecutive days) was performed on 6 men with chronic hyperprolactinaemia and 6 control subjects. The following parameters were measured before and during the 4 consecutive days following the injections of hCG: the concentration in plasma of testosterone (T), oestradiol-17 beta (E2), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and the urinary excretion of testosterone glucuronide (TG) and 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol glucuronide (3 alpha-Diol G). The rises in T, E2, DHT and the ratios of T/DHT and TG/3 alpha-Diol G were similar in both groups, but the rises in TG and 3 alpha-Diol G were lower in the hyperprolactinaemic group after hCG. There was no correlation between the response of T and the increment of E2 in either group. It is suggested that in men with chronic hyperprolactinaemia: 1) there is diminished testicular response to hCG; this could be due to chronic gonadotrophin deficiency or to a direct effect of hyperprolactinaemia on the testes, 2) there is no modulation of T synthesis through inhibition of aromatase activity and E2 secretion and 3) the 5 alpha-reduction of T is not deficient.
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