Biomaterial Database

[Chronotropic effects on the heart during the interaction of parasympathetic and sympathetic regulatory influences]. 1985

N A Sokolova, and G N Kopylova, and G E Samonina, and M A Kaverin

In the frog heart isolated sinus node with intact extracardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways or intracardiac nerves, the intracellular pacemaker APs and extracellular nervous activity of the parasympathetic postganglionic intracardiac pathways were recorded. Two major sympathetic-parasympathetic interaction patterns were revealed: the antagonistic and the augmentative ones. In initial deep bradycardia, sympathetic stimulation diminished the parasympathetic inhibition, whereas in initial parasympathetic tachycardia, sympathetic stimulation augmented these parasympathetic effects. The recording of the intracellular pacemaker AP showed the effect of a complicated interaction between the sympathetic and parasympathetic transmitters on the heart pacemaker. Parasympathetic postganglionic nervous activity changed in two ways: there was either an attenuation during intense sympathetic stimulation or an augmentation during a weak sympathetic stimulation. Relative significance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems in the heart rate control and possible mechanisms of the two patterns of sympathetic-parasympathetic interactions, are discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010115	Oxyphenonium	A quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent with peripheral side effects similar to those of ATROPINE. It is used as an adjunct in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and to relieve visceral spasms. The drug has also been used in the form of eye drops for mydriatic effect.	Oxyphenonium Bromide,Oxyphenonium Chloride,Oxyphenonium Iodide,2-((Cyclohexylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy)-N,N-diethyl-N-methylethanaminium,Atrenyl,Metacin,Methacin,Oxyphenon,Oxyphenonium Bromide, (+)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Bromide, (+-)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Bromide, (-)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Iodide, (R)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Iodide, (S)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium, (+-)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium, (R)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium, (S)-Isomer,Spastrex,Bromide, Oxyphenonium,Chloride, Oxyphenonium,Iodide, Oxyphenonium
D010275	Parasympathetic Nervous System	The craniosacral division of the autonomic nervous system. The cell bodies of the parasympathetic preganglionic fibers are in brain stem nuclei and in the sacral spinal cord. They synapse in cranial autonomic ganglia or in terminal ganglia near target organs. The parasympathetic nervous system generally acts to conserve resources and restore homeostasis, often with effects reciprocal to the sympathetic nervous system.	Nervous System, Parasympathetic,Nervous Systems, Parasympathetic,Parasympathetic Nervous Systems,System, Parasympathetic Nervous,Systems, Parasympathetic Nervous
D011433	Propranolol	A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.	Dexpropranolol,AY-20694,Anaprilin,Anapriline,Avlocardyl,Betadren,Dociton,Inderal,Obsidan,Obzidan,Propanolol,Propranolol Hydrochloride,Rexigen,AY 20694,AY20694,Hydrochloride, Propranolol
D011896	Rana temporaria	A species of the family Ranidae occurring in a wide variety of habitats from within the Arctic Circle to South Africa, Australia, etc.	European Common Frog,Frog, Common European,Common European Frog,Common Frog, European,European Frog, Common,Frog, European Common
D004558	Electric Stimulation	Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.	Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D005399	Fishes	A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.
D006329	Heart Conduction System	An impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle, having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart.	Conduction System, Heart,Conduction Systems, Heart,Heart Conduction Systems,System, Heart Conduction,Systems, Heart Conduction
D006339	Heart Rate	The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.	Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse
D000200	Action Potentials	Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.	Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia