Biomaterial Database

alpha-Aminoadipate pathway for the biosynthesis of lysine in lower eukaryotes. 1985

J K Bhattacharjee

Bacteria and green plants use the diaminopimelate pathway for the biosynthesis of the essential amino acid, lysine; however, yeast and other higher fungi use the alpha-aminoadipate (AA) pathway. The AA pathway has been investigated in detail biochemically, genetically, and in terms of regulatory mechanisms in the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The genetic analysis of lysine auxotrophs of S. cerevisiae revealed that there are more than 12 lysine genes for 8 enzyme-catalyzed steps. Lysine genes are not linked to each other and seven of the genes are mapped on six different linkage groups (chromosomes). The gene-enzyme relationships have been determined for ten of the lysine loci which include two unlinked gene functions required for each of AA reductase (LYS2 and LYS5) and Saccharopine reductase (LYS9 and LYS14). Five of the lysine enzymes are localized in mitochondria and three in cytosol. The lysine pathway of S. cerevisiae is regulated by feedback inhibition and end product repression. Two, and possibly three, of the enzymes exhibit general control of amino acid biosynthesis and at least five of the enzymes coded for, by unlinked genes, are simultaneously depressed in a regulatory (repressor) gene-mutant.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008239	Lysine	An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.	Enisyl,L-Lysine,Lysine Acetate,Lysine Hydrochloride,Acetate, Lysine,L Lysine
D008967	Molecular Biology	A discipline concerned with studying biological phenomena in terms of the chemical and physical interactions of molecules.	Biochemical Genetics,Biology, Molecular,Genetics, Biochemical,Genetics, Molecular,Molecular Genetics,Biochemical Genetic,Genetic, Biochemical,Genetic, Molecular,Molecular Genetic
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D010875	Pipecolic Acids		Acids, Pipecolic
D011995	Recombination, Genetic	Production of new arrangements of DNA by various mechanisms such as assortment and segregation, CROSSING OVER; GENE CONVERSION; GENETIC TRANSFORMATION; GENETIC CONJUGATION; GENETIC TRANSDUCTION; or mixed infection of viruses.	Genetic Recombination,Recombination,Genetic Recombinations,Recombinations,Recombinations, Genetic
D002874	Chromosome Mapping	Any method used for determining the location of and relative distances between genes on a chromosome.	Gene Mapping,Linkage Mapping,Genome Mapping,Chromosome Mappings,Gene Mappings,Genome Mappings,Linkage Mappings,Mapping, Chromosome,Mapping, Gene,Mapping, Genome,Mapping, Linkage,Mappings, Chromosome,Mappings, Gene,Mappings, Genome,Mappings, Linkage
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D005246	Feedback	A mechanism of communication within a system in that the input signal generates an output response which returns to influence the continued activity or productivity of that system.	Feedbacks
D000600	Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic		Dicarboxylic Amino Acids,Acids, Dicarboxylic Amino
D012441	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	A species of the genus SACCHAROMYCES, family Saccharomycetaceae, order Saccharomycetales, known as "baker's" or "brewer's" yeast. The dried form is used as a dietary supplement.	Baker's Yeast,Brewer's Yeast,Candida robusta,S. cerevisiae,Saccharomyces capensis,Saccharomyces italicus,Saccharomyces oviformis,Saccharomyces uvarum var. melibiosus,Yeast, Baker's,Yeast, Brewer's,Baker Yeast,S cerevisiae,Baker's Yeasts,Yeast, Baker