Biomaterial Database

The puzzle of drug-induced conditioned taste aversion: comparative studies with cathinone and amphetamine. 1985

A J Goudie, and T Newton

The potency of dl-cathinone (the active constituent of the Khat plant) was compared with that of d-amphetamine in the conditioned taste aversion (C.T.A.) procedure and in a test of drug-induced adipsia in rats. Both drugs induced C.T.A., the potency ratio being 1:17 (amphetamine was more potent). Both drugs induced adipsia in deprived rats given access to water for 120 min. The potency ratio in this procedure was 1:4. Potency in the C.T.A. procedure did not therefore correlate with potency in inducing adipsia; consequently drug-induced C.T.A. cannot be attributed to conditioned adipsia. In the adipsia test the drugs had similar durations of action, thus factors related to duration of drug action (cf Cappell and Le Blanc 1977) cannot account for the surprisingly low potency of cathinone in the C.T.A. procedure. These data, obtained with stimulant drugs with similar structures and similar actions in a variety of conventional in vivo and in vitro pharmacological tests, illustrate the unpredictable nature of drug actions in the C.T.A. procedure. The low potency of cathinone in inducing C.T.A. could not be predicted from knowledge of the potency of this compound in tests of adipsia (as shown here) or (as reported elsewhere) in tests of anorexia, locomotor stimulation, stereotypy, suppression of operant responding, drug discrimination, release and inhibition of reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline, lethality and actions on the cardiovascular system. All of these studies have reported potency ratios considerably lower than 1:17, which were nevertheless similar to the 1:4 ratio observed in the adipsia test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D012054	Reinforcement, Psychology	The strengthening of a conditioned response.	Negative Reinforcement,Positive Reinforcement,Psychological Reinforcement,Reinforcement (Psychology),Negative Reinforcements,Positive Reinforcements,Psychological Reinforcements,Psychology Reinforcement,Psychology Reinforcements,Reinforcement, Negative,Reinforcement, Positive,Reinforcement, Psychological,Reinforcements (Psychology),Reinforcements, Negative,Reinforcements, Positive,Reinforcements, Psychological,Reinforcements, Psychology
D003214	Conditioning, Classical	Learning that takes place when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.	Reflex, Conditioned,Classical Conditioning,Classical Conditionings,Conditioned Reflex,Conditionings, Classical
D003913	Dextroamphetamine	The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.	d-Amphetamine,Curban,Dexamfetamine,Dexamphetamine,Dexedrine,Dextro-Amphetamine Sulfate,DextroStat,Dextroamphetamine Sulfate,Oxydess,d-Amphetamine Sulfate,dextro-Amphetamine,Dextro Amphetamine Sulfate,Sulfate, Dextroamphetamine,d Amphetamine,d Amphetamine Sulfate,dextro Amphetamine
D004327	Drinking Behavior	Behaviors associated with the ingesting of water and other liquids; includes rhythmic patterns of drinking (time intervals - onset and duration), frequency and satiety.	Behavior, Drinking,Behaviors, Drinking,Drinking Behaviors
D005260	Female		Females
D000470	Alkaloids	Organic nitrogenous bases. Many alkaloids of medical importance occur in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and some have been synthesized. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Alkaloid,Plant Alkaloid,Plant Alkaloids,Alkaloid, Plant,Alkaloids, Plant
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001362	Avoidance Learning	A response to a cue that is instrumental in avoiding a noxious experience.	Aversion Behavior,Aversion Learning,Aversive Behavior,Aversive Learning,Avoidance Behavior,Aversion Behaviors,Aversive Behaviors,Avoidance Behaviors,Behavior, Aversion,Behavior, Aversive,Behavior, Avoidance,Behaviors, Aversion,Behaviors, Aversive,Behaviors, Avoidance,Learning, Aversion,Learning, Aversive,Learning, Avoidance
D001522	Behavior, Animal	The observable response an animal makes to any situation.	Autotomy Animal,Animal Behavior,Animal Behaviors
D012439	Saccharin	Flavoring agent and non-nutritive sweetener.	Saccharin Calcium,Saccharin Sodium,Calcium, Saccharin