Biomaterial Database

Combined action of carbaryl and phenthoate on a freshwater fish (Channa punctatus bloch). 1985

K R Rao, and K S Rao, and I K Sahib, and K V Rao

The toxic potencies of carbaryl and phenthoate were studied on a freshwater fish, Channa punctatus, by evaluating the percentage kill at different concentrations of exposure. To determine the combined action of these compounds, LC studies were performed by using carbaryl (C) and phenthoate (P) mixtures in the 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1 ratios. The 48-hr LC50 values obtained by calculating the data with probit method were 8.71 ppm for carbaryl and 0.473 ppm for phenthoate. Similar values on the mixtures were 0.717, 0.741, and 0.750 ppm for 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1, carbaryl:phenthoate mixtures. The toxicities of carbaryl and phenthoate have been discussed in relation to sensitivity of the species and their interaction with the target enzyme. Effectiveness of the joint action of carbaryl and phenthoate was determined by measuring three different parameters: the CTC value, the V value, and the CI value. This analysis showed that 3C:1P combination exerted marked synergism, 1C:1P exerted moderate synergism, and 1C:3P showed moderate antagonism.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007928	Lethal Dose 50	The dose amount of poisonous or toxic substance or dose of ionizing radiation required to kill 50% of the tested population.	LD50,Dose 50, Lethal
D009946	Organothiophosphorus Compounds	Compounds containing carbon-phosphorus bonds in which the phosphorus component is also bonded to one or more sulfur atoms. Many of these compounds function as CHOLINERGIC AGENTS and as INSECTICIDES.	Compounds, Organothiophosphorus
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004357	Drug Synergism	The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.	Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D005399	Fishes	A group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and elongated bodies covered with scales.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012721	Carbaryl	A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.	1-Naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate,Antigale,Carbaril,Carbaryl, Manganese (2+) Salt,Carbaryl, Nickel (2+) Salt,Carbyl,Carylderm,Concentrat VO 18,Dog-Net Insecticide Poudre,Fido's Free-Itch,G-Wizz,Joseph Lyddy,Océcoxil,Poudre insecticide Moureau,Poudre insecticide Vetoquinol,Poutic,Sevin,Skatta Tick Flea Louse Powder,Sépou,Tigal,Dog Net Insecticide Poudre,DogNet Insecticide Poudre,Fido's Free Itch,Fido's FreeItch,G Wizz,GWizz,Lyddy, Joseph,Moureau, Poudre insecticide,VO 18, Concentrat,Vetoquinol, Poudre insecticide,insecticide Moureau, Poudre,insecticide Vetoquinol, Poudre