Executive functioning and nonverbal cognitive factors associated with response to technology-assisted language intervention. 2024

Jareen Meinzen-Derr, and Deborah Mood, and Rose Sheldon, and Mekibib Altaye, and Lindsay Mays, and Susan Wiley
Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Electronic address: jareen.meinzen-derr@cchmc.org.

OBJECTIVE To explore potential differences in the relationship between executive function (EF) skills and language development when integrating augmentative and alternative communication technology into speech-language therapy for deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) children. METHODS Randomized trial data were analysed to investigate this relationship among children who participated in a Technology-Assisted Language Intervention (TALI) compared to treatment as usual (TAU). Language samples were assessed for pre-post-intervention changes, including mean length of utterance in morphemes (MLU), mean turn length (MTL), and number of different words spoken (NDW). EF skills were measured with standardized parent-report assessment. RESULTS Thirty-seven DHH children were included (TALI n = 19 and TAU n = 18). Results of regression models indicated that higher EF skills were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with improvements in MLU, MTL, and NDW among children who received TAU. No significant associations between EF skills and any of the measures (MLU, MTL, NDW) were seen in children who received TALI. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that TALI may offer language learning support, particularly for DHH children with EF difficulties. Future research should investigate the direct relationship between EF measurements and language outcomes in TALI recipients. Establishing baseline EF measurements in DHH children could inform personalized strategies within language interventions and therapy.

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