-transparent.png){kind=logo}
In the period February to May 1980, acute hepatitis B occurred in six patients who had received acupuncture at a chiropractic clinic. Of persons attending the clinic (October 1979 to April 1980), hepatitis B occurred more frequently among those who had received acupuncture (6 of 103) than among those who had not (0 of 408; P less than .0001). Hepatitis patients had received acupuncture during two exposure periods: November 27-28, 1979, and February 19-20, 1980. During these periods the clinic reused acupuncture needles after immersing them overnight in a 1:750 solution of benzalkonium chloride. The sequence of acupuncture sessions suggests that hepatitis B virus remained infectious on the acupuncture needles for 20 to 27 hours despite this procedure. It is recommended that only either disposable needles or reuseable needles that have been physically cleaned and autoclaved after each use be used in acupuncture procedures.
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
March 1989,
Harefuah,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
March 1988,
American journal of epidemiology,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
September 1988,
European journal of epidemiology,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
August 2016,
Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
June 1999,
Communicable disease and public health,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
November 1992,
Communicable disease report. CDR weekly,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
April 2000,
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
March 1998,
Communicable disease report. CDR weekly,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
March 1987,
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report,
W S Stryker, and
R A Gunn, and
D P Francis
January 1990,
Journal of hygiene, epidemiology, microbiology, and immunology,
