This study examines the extent to which the restriction of visual experience to lines of a single orientation influences the organization of the striate cortex in infant monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Previous studies of kittens raised with monocular exposure to a single line orientation have consistently shown the response preference of cells driven by that eye to be biased towards the experienced orientation. Studies of binocular exposure to restricted orientations have been equivocal. In the infant monkey cortex responses to oriented lines have virtually all the specificity of responses seen in the adult animal. In an effort to clarify the phenomenon and the mechanism by which orientation bias might be obtained, we examined the effects of monocular exposure to a restricted orientation in infant macaques. Three monkeys were used. Each monkey was raised with one open eye exposed to lines of a single orientation and one eye occluded by lid suture. As in other cases of monocular deprivation in either cat or monkey, few binocularly driven cells were recorded and the majority of cells were dominated by the open eye. Cells driven by the open eye had normal representation of all orientation preferences and there was no overall increase in the number of cells preferring the orientation to which the eye had been exposed. The cells dominated by the occluded eye, however, showed a lack of cells responding to orientations to which the open eye had been exposed. These findings suggest that a competitive mechanism operates between the two eyes to provide an orientation selective advantage to the open eye.