Urease-induced crystallization in synthetic urine. 1985

H Hedelin, and L Grenabo, and S Pettersson

The urease-induced crystallization of magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium phosphate was studied at different alkalinization degrees by incubating synthetic urine with increasing Jack Bean urease concentrations. The crystallization was studied as precipitation on glass rods immersed in synthetic urine. The calcium phosphate precipitation on the glass rods occurred when the pH reached 6.8. Magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation occurred when the pH reached 7.0. The maximal crystallization occurred at a pH between 7.5 and 8.0; at higher pHs the precipitation was considerably lower. The possible mechanisms and clinical implications behind this narrow pH optimum for urease-induced crystallization, which also have important implications for future experimental studies, are discussed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008274 Magnesium A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D010710 Phosphates Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid. Inorganic Phosphate,Phosphates, Inorganic,Inorganic Phosphates,Orthophosphate,Phosphate,Phosphate, Inorganic
D011232 Chemical Precipitation The formation of a solid in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction or the aggregation of soluble substances into complexes large enough to fall out of solution. Precipitation, Chemical
D002130 Calcium Phosphates Calcium salts of phosphoric acid. These compounds are frequently used as calcium supplements. Phosphates, Calcium
D003460 Crystallization The formation of crystalline substances from solutions or melts. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Crystalline Polymorphs,Polymorphism, Crystallization,Crystal Growth,Polymorphic Crystals,Crystal, Polymorphic,Crystalline Polymorph,Crystallization Polymorphism,Crystallization Polymorphisms,Crystals, Polymorphic,Growth, Crystal,Polymorph, Crystalline,Polymorphic Crystal,Polymorphisms, Crystallization,Polymorphs, Crystalline
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000069877 Struvite The mineral magnesium ammonium phosphate with the formula NH4MgPO4. It is associated with urea-splitting organisms in a high magnesium, high phosphate, alkaline environment. Accumulation of crystallized struvite is found in the urinary tract as struvite CALCULI and as scale on sewage system equipment and wastewater pipes. Struvite Crystal,Ammonium Magnesium Phosphate,Dittmarite,Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate,Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate,Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Monohydrate,Struvite (H3PO4-NH4-Mg (1:1:1)),Struvite Crystals,Crystal, Struvite,Crystals, Struvite
D014508 Urea A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids. Basodexan,Carbamide,Carmol
D014510 Urease An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of urea and water to carbon dioxide and ammonia. EC 3.5.1.5. Phytourease,Urea Amidohydrolase,Amidohydrolase, Urea
D014556 Urine Liquid by-product of excretion produced in the kidneys, temporarily stored in the bladder until discharge through the URETHRA.

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