Biomaterial Database

Human tumour xenografts in radiotherapeutic research. 1985

E K Rofstad

The radiation response of human tumour xenografts has been shown to vary considerably among tumours of different histological types, tumours of the same histological type and cell subpopulations of single tumours. There is encouraging evidence that the radiation response correlates with clinical responsiveness when xenografts are exposed to single radiation doses and single cell survival in vitro or growth delay in vivo is used as endpoint. If subsequent research supports this conclusion, human tumour xenografts may be useful in studies aimed at (a) elucidating the underlying mechanisms for intertumour differences in radiation response and (b) developing short-term in vitro assays for clinical radiosensitivity testing. However, there are at least three main disadvantages with xenografts as models for human cancer. Firstly, the volume-doubling time is usually shorter than for tumours in man. Secondly, the vascular system and the supporting stromal elements originate from the host. Thirdly, host defence mechanisms may be active against xenografts. The radiation response of xenografts may be influenced by these three aspects and hence fail to reflect clinical responsiveness, especially when exposed to fractionated irradiation or when local tumour control is used as endpoint.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008954	Models, Biological	Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.	Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D009368	Neoplasm Transplantation	Experimental transplantation of neoplasms in laboratory animals for research purposes.	Transplantation, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Transplantations,Transplantations, Neoplasm
D009374	Neoplasms, Experimental	Experimentally induced new abnormal growth of TISSUES in animals to provide models for studying human neoplasms.	Experimental Neoplasms,Experimental Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Experimental
D002470	Cell Survival	The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.	Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D004195	Disease Models, Animal	Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014183	Transplantation, Heterologous	Transplantation between animals of different species.	Xenotransplantation,Heterograft Transplantation,Heterografting,Heterologous Transplantation,Xenograft Transplantation,Xenografting,Transplantation, Heterograft,Transplantation, Xenograft
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus