Biomaterial Database

Institutional reform, adaptive functioning of mentally retarded persons, and staff quality of work life. 1985

A E MacEachron, and M A Zober, and J Fein

In a previously reported, one-year field experiment of institutional reform, higher adaptive behavior among residents who lived in more normalizing residences was found (MacEachron, 1983). The main hypothesis of the present study was that staff quality of work life (job design, influence in decision-making, and leadership style of the immediate supervisor) may explain the effectiveness of institutional reform as well as staff satisfaction and motivation to perform effectively. Only greater staff influence in decision-making could explain the effectiveness of institutional reform, although all quality-of-work-life perspectives were associated with staff satisfaction and motivation to perform effectively.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007588	Job Satisfaction	Personal satisfaction relative to the work situation.	Work Satisfaction,Job Satisfactions,Satisfaction, Job,Satisfaction, Work,Satisfactions, Job,Satisfactions, Work,Work Satisfactions
D007857	Leadership	The function of directing or controlling the actions or attitudes of an individual or group with more or less willing acquiescence of the followers.	Influentials
D008607	Intellectual Disability	Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)	Disability, Intellectual,Idiocy,Mental Retardation,Retardation, Mental,Deficiency, Mental,Intellectual Development Disorder,Mental Deficiency,Mental Retardation, Psychosocial,Deficiencies, Mental,Development Disorder, Intellectual,Development Disorders, Intellectual,Disabilities, Intellectual,Disorder, Intellectual Development,Disorders, Intellectual Development,Intellectual Development Disorders,Intellectual Disabilities,Mental Deficiencies,Mental Retardations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Mental Retardation,Psychosocial Mental Retardations,Retardation, Psychosocial Mental,Retardations, Psychosocial Mental
D009042	Motivation	Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.	Incentives,Disincentives,Expectations,Disincentive,Expectation,Incentive,Motivations
D011566	Psychiatric Aides	Persons who assist in the routine care of psychiatric persons, usually under the supervision of the nursing department.	Psychiatric Hospital Orderlies,Psychiatric Ward Attendants,Aide, Psychiatric,Aides, Psychiatric,Attendant, Psychiatric Ward,Attendants, Psychiatric Ward,Hospital Orderlies, Psychiatric,Hospital Orderly, Psychiatric,Orderlies, Psychiatric Hospital,Orderly, Psychiatric Hospital,Psychiatric Aide,Psychiatric Hospital Orderly,Psychiatric Ward Attendant,Ward Attendant, Psychiatric,Ward Attendants, Psychiatric
D011788	Quality of Life	A generic concept reflecting concern with the modification and enhancement of life attributes, e.g., physical, political, moral, social environment as well as health and disease.	HRQOL,Health-Related Quality Of Life,Life Quality,Health Related Quality Of Life
D012112	Residential Facilities	Long-term care facilities which provide supervision and assistance in activities of daily living with medical and nursing services when required.	Facilities, Residential,Facility, Residential,Residential Facility
D003657	Decision Making	The process of making a selective intellectual judgment when presented with several complex alternatives consisting of several variables, and usually defining a course of action or an idea.	Credit Assignment,Assignment, Credit,Assignments, Credit,Credit Assignments
D003688	Deinstitutionalization	The practice of caring for individuals in the community, rather than in an institutional environment with resultant effects on the individual, the individual's family, the community, and the health care system.	Deinstitutionalized Persons,Deinstitutionalized Person,Person, Deinstitutionalized,Persons, Deinstitutionalized
D004777	Environment	The external elements and conditions which surround, influence, and affect the life and development of an organism or population.	Environmental Impact,Environmental Impacts,Impact, Environmental,Impacts, Environmental,Environments