Variability of lip and jaw movements in children and adults: implications for the development of speech motor control. 1985

S G Sharkey, and J W Folkins

The development of speech motor skill was studied by measuring the variability of lower lip and jaw movements. Groups of five adults, and children at ages 4, 7, and 10 years produced [mae] and [bae] 20 times each. The duration of lip-opening movements, jaw-opening movements, lip-open postures, jaw-open postures, and the timing between the onset of lower lip opening and jaw opening decreased in variability between the child and adult groups. No significant differences were observed in the variability of these measures across the child groups. The variability of lower lip displacement decreased significantly between the 4-year-old and 7-year-old groups, but not between any other age groups. Jaw displacement variability did not change significantly between any groups. No significant differences in variability were found between [bae] and [mae]. It is hypothesized that different developmental motor processes affect the variability of speech movements at early, intermediate, and older ages.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007568 Jaw Bony structure of the mouth that holds the teeth. It consists of the MANDIBLE and the MAXILLA. Jaws
D008046 Lip Either of the two fleshy, full-blooded margins of the mouth. Philtrum,Lips,Philtrums
D008297 Male Males
D009048 Motor Skills Performance of complex motor acts. Motor Skill,Skill, Motor,Skills, Motor
D009068 Movement The act, process, or result of passing from one place or position to another. It differs from LOCOMOTION in that locomotion is restricted to the passing of the whole body from one place to another, while movement encompasses both locomotion but also a change of the position of the whole body or any of its parts. Movement may be used with reference to humans, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and microorganisms. Differentiate also from MOTOR ACTIVITY, movement associated with behavior. Movements
D010700 Phonetics The science or study of speech sounds and their production, transmission, and reception, and their analysis, classification, and transcription. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed) Speech Sounds,Sound, Speech,Sounds, Speech,Speech Sound
D002648 Child A person 6 to 12 years of age. An individual 2 to 5 years old is CHILD, PRESCHOOL. Children
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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