Ventral spinal roots at all spinal levels in humans contain many unmyelinated axons, as do all spinal roots of the cat which have been examined. Rats, however, have fewer unmyelinated fibers in cervical and certain lumbar ventral roots. To determine if unmyelinated fibers are distributed uniformly in ventral roots of the cat, cervical and lumbar ventral roots were examined by light and electron microscopy, and axons were counted. Lesions were made to determine the origin of unmyelinated fibers in ventral root L6. From 5 to 15% of the axons in cervical ventral roots are unmyelinated. This distribution of unmyelinated fibers in the cat is similar to the distribution in humans, although the cervical ventral roots of the cat contain relatively fewer unmyelinated fibers than the cervical ventral roots of humans. Approximately 24% of the axons in ventral root L6 are unmyelinated. More than 90% of these axons degenerate proximal to, but not distal to, a ventral rhizotomy and ipsilateral to a dorsal root ganglionectomy. Thus, most unmyelinated axons in ventral root L6 appear to rise from dorsal root ganglion cells. Much variation in the number and percent of unmyelinated axons in ventral roots at the same spinal level exists between individual cats and between opposite sides of the same cat.