66 patients with gunshot wounds were treated at the Department of Neurosurgery of Hanover University up to May 1982. These included wounds inflicted by bolt guns of the type used in slaughter houses, and by bolt-setting or nail-setting tools used in building construction work. The total mortality was 50%. Seventeen patients died directly after admission or within the first 24 hours. Operation was not indicated in cases which appeared hopeless. In patients with mild neurological deficits, only the superficial skin wounds were treated to avoid additional damage to the brain. CT scans performed in approximately one-half of the patients yielded valuable information on the path of the bullet and on haematomas. Postoperatively, there were several complications, mainly pneumonia and cerebrospinal fluid fistulas; in fact, pneumonia was responsible for the death of some patients. The mortality is compared with the findings by other authors. No patients remained in need of care after rehabilitation.