[Fusarium toxins in feed. Detection and occurrence of trichothecenes]. 1985

M Gareis, and J Bauer, and B Gedek

Mycotoxicoses have been recognized worldwide to cause problems in animal production. Trichothecene mycotoxins, for the most part produced by Fusarium spp., have obtained particular importance. Between 1982 and 1984, 295 samples of feedstuffs (cereals and mixed feeds) have been analyzed on natural occurrence of type-A trichothecenes. The skin toxicity test with guinea pigs was used as a screening method. Analysis of trichothecenes by capillary gaschromatography with flame ionization detection was complicated by interfering substances from the complex matrix of the sample-material. Definite results were only obtained by the use of gaschromatography-mass spectrometry. In comparison to the electron impact ionization the chemical ionization technique showed to be advantageous. Forty-two of the 295 samples analyzed were found to be positive in the biological assay. Nine of these positive samples contained trichothecenes as determined by mass spectrometry: T-2 toxin in mixed feed (65 micrograms/kg); oats (80 and 86 micrograms/kg) and wheat (100 micrograms/kg); diacetoxyscirpenol in mixed feed (125 micrograms/kg) and wheat (50 micrograms/kg); neosolaniol in oats (310 and 350 micrograms/kg); HT-2 toxin in oats (700 micrograms/kg). Oats proved to be contaminated more frequently as compared to the other cereals and the analyzed mixed feeds.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008401 Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds. Chromatography, Gas-Liquid-Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Gas-Mass Spectrometry,GCMS,Spectrometry, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Spectrum Analysis, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry-Gas Chromatography,Chromatography, Gas Liquid Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Gas Mass Spectrometry,Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry-Gas,Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas,Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas-Liquid,Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,Gas Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry,Mass Spectrometry Gas Chromatography,Spectrometries, Mass-Gas Chromatography,Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography-Mass,Spectrometry, Gas-Liquid Chromatography-Mass,Spectrometry, Mass Gas Chromatography,Spectrometry-Gas Chromatography, Mass,Spectrum Analysis, Mass Gas Chromatography
D002621 Chemistry A basic science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter; and the reactions that occur between substances and the associated energy exchange.
D005410 Flame Ionization Pyrolysis of organic compounds at the temperature of a hydrogen-air flame to produce ionic intermediates which can be collected and the resulting ion current measured by gas chromatography. Flame Ionizations,Ionization, Flame,Ionizations, Flame
D006168 Guinea Pigs A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research. Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000821 Animal Feed Foodstuff used especially for domestic and laboratory animals, or livestock. Fodder,Animal Feeds,Feed, Animal,Feeds, Animal,Fodders
D001681 Biological Assay A method of measuring the effects of a biologically active substance using an intermediate in vivo or in vitro tissue or cell model under controlled conditions. It includes virulence studies in animal fetuses in utero, mouse convulsion bioassay of insulin, quantitation of tumor-initiator systems in mouse skin, calculation of potentiating effects of a hormonal factor in an isolated strip of contracting stomach muscle, etc. Bioassay,Assay, Biological,Assays, Biological,Biologic Assay,Biologic Assays,Assay, Biologic,Assays, Biologic,Bioassays,Biological Assays
D012717 Sesquiterpenes Fifteen-carbon compounds formed from three isoprenoid units with general formula C15H24. Farnesanes,Farnesene,Farnesenes,Sesquiterpene,Sesquiterpene Derivatives,Sesquiterpenoid,Sesquiterpenoids,Derivatives, Sesquiterpene
D012867 Skin The outer covering of the body that protects it from the environment. It is composed of the DERMIS and the EPIDERMIS.
D013605 T-2 Toxin A potent mycotoxin produced in feedstuffs by several species of the genus FUSARIUM. It elicits a severe inflammatory reaction in animals and has teratogenic effects. Fusaritoxin,Fusariotoxin,T-2 Toxin, alpha,4 beta-Isomer,T2 Toxin,T 2 Toxin,Toxin, T-2,Toxin, T2

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