Biomaterial Database

Effect of fat and carbohydrate composition on the gastric emptying of isocaloric feedings in premature infants. 1985

M Siegel, and B Krantz, and E Lebenthal

The gastric emptying of six infant feedings (20 kcal/oz; whey to casein ratio, 60:40) with varying fat and carbohydrate composition was studied. Feedings contained either predominantly long-chain triglycerides (94%) or predominantly medium-chain triglycerides (94%) as the fat and lactose, glucose, or glucose polymers (Polycose) as the carbohydrate. Eleven premature infants were fed 22 ml/kg body wt of all six feedings over a 3-4-day period, and the volume of gastric contents was measured every 20 min using polyethylene glycol 4000 as the marker. Analysis of variance demonstrated that the use of medium-chain triglycerides resulted in faster gastric emptying than long-chain triglycerides (p less than 0.001). Analysis of variance and Tukey's test showed that use of glucose polymers instead of glucose resulted in less volume of gastric contents at 40 min (p less than 0.05). Use of glucose polymers instead of lactose resulted in less volume of gastric contents at 60 and 80 min (p less than 0.05). Gastric emptying can be altered by changes in nutrient composition. The difference between medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides was more pronounced than the differences between the carbohydrates studied. Feedings with medium-chain triglycerides may be more suitable than long-chain triglycerides in patients with delayed gastric emptying.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D007225	Infant Food	Food processed and manufactured for the nutritional health of children in their first year of life.	Food, Infant,Foods, Infant,Infant Foods
D007231	Infant, Newborn	An infant during the first 28 days after birth.	Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007234	Infant, Premature	A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION.	Neonatal Prematurity,Premature Infants,Preterm Infants,Infant, Preterm,Infants, Premature,Infants, Preterm,Premature Infant,Prematurity, Neonatal,Preterm Infant
D007441	Intubation, Gastrointestinal	The insertion of a tube into the stomach, intestines, or other portion of the gastrointestinal tract to allow for the passage of food products, etc.	Intubation, Nasogastric,Gastrointestinal Intubation,Gastrointestinal Intubations,Intubations, Gastrointestinal,Intubations, Nasogastric,Nasogastric Intubation,Nasogastric Intubations
D007785	Lactose	A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.	Anhydrous Lactose,Lactose, Anhydrous
D011108	Polymers	Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., BIOPOLYMERS; PLASTICS).	Polymer
D002149	Energy Intake	Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.	Caloric Intake,Calorie Intake,Intake, Calorie,Intake, Energy
D004040	Dietary Carbohydrates	Carbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other dietary fibers. The former are the major source of energy. The sugars are in beet and cane sugar, fruits, honey, sweet corn, corn syrup, milk and milk products, etc.; the starches are in cereal grains, legumes (FABACEAE), tubers, etc. (From Claudio & Lagua, Nutrition and Diet Therapy Dictionary, 3d ed, p32, p277)	Carbohydrates, Dietary,Carbohydrate, Dietary,Dietary Carbohydrate
D004041	Dietary Fats	Fats present in food, especially in animal products such as meat, meat products, butter, ghee. They are present in lower amounts in nuts, seeds, and avocados.	Fats, Dietary,Dietary Fat,Fat, Dietary