Biomaterial Database

Spontaneous and driven responses of semicircular canal primary afferents in the unanesthetized pigeon. 1985

T J Anastasio, and M J Correia, and A A Perachio

Spontaneous activity from 120 vestibular semicircular canal (SC) primary afferents and driven responses from 20 SC primary afferents to 2.3-decade bandwidth (0.029-6.152 Hz) sum of sinusoidal angular rotations were characterized in 10 unanesthetized pigeons. The results were compared with those previously gathered from barbiturate anesthetized pigeons. The average spontaneous mean firing rate (MFR) of SC primary afferents in unanesthetized pigeons was found to be 168 impulses per second (I/s), n = 120, and is approximately 80% higher than that for SC primary afferents in anesthetized pigeons [93 I/s, n = 149 (Ref. 9) and 92 I/s, n = 124 (Ref. 22)]. The spontaneous discharge of SC primary afferents from unanesthetized pigeons was classified according to the coefficient of variation (CV) of 512-1,024 interspike intervals (ISIs) into regular (CV less than 0.1), intermediate (0.1 less than or equal to CV less 0.4), and irregular (0.4 less than or equal to CV) categories. The percentages of SC primary afferents falling within each CV category were similar for unanesthetized and anesthetized pigeons (22). The relation between the spontaneous mean ISI and its standard deviation (SD) for SC primary afferents in the unanesthetized pigeon is best described by a power function model, which provides a significantly better fit than does a linear model. The parameters of this power function model are similar for SC primary afferents in unanesthetized and anesthetized pigeons (10). The spontaneous ISIs of individual SC primary afferents in the unanesthetized pigeon were found to be distributed either normally, log-normally, or according to the first passage time of the Wiener-Levy (WL) process. The gain of anterior SC primary afferents at 0.25 Hz is similar for anesthetized (2.93 I X s-1 X deg-1 X s-1, n = 14) (11) and for unanesthetized (3.01 I X s-1 X deg-1 X s-1, n = 14) pigeons. Bode plots constructed from the responses to sum sinusoidal angular accelerations reveal that SC primary afferents in unanesthetized pigeons display a phase lead and gain enhancement at frequencies between 0.6 and 6 Hz.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008253	Macaca mulatta	A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.	Chinese Rhesus Macaques,Macaca mulatta lasiota,Monkey, Rhesus,Rhesus Monkey,Rhesus Macaque,Chinese Rhesus Macaque,Macaca mulatta lasiotas,Macaque, Rhesus,Rhesus Macaque, Chinese,Rhesus Macaques,Rhesus Macaques, Chinese,Rhesus Monkeys
D009475	Neurons, Afferent	Neurons which conduct NERVE IMPULSES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Afferent Neurons,Afferent Neuron,Neuron, Afferent
D010856	Columbidae	Family in the order COLUMBIFORMES, comprised of pigeons or doves. They are BIRDS with short legs, stout bodies, small heads, and slender bills. Some sources call the smaller species doves and the larger pigeons, but the names are interchangeable.	Columba livia,Doves,Pigeons,Domestic Pigeons,Feral Pigeons,Rock Doves,Rock Pigeons,Domestic Pigeon,Dove,Dove, Rock,Doves, Rock,Feral Pigeon,Pigeon,Pigeon, Domestic,Pigeon, Feral,Pigeon, Rock,Pigeons, Domestic,Pigeons, Feral,Pigeons, Rock,Rock Dove,Rock Pigeon
D000200	Action Potentials	Abrupt changes in the membrane potential that sweep along the CELL MEMBRANE of excitable cells in response to excitation stimuli.	Spike Potentials,Nerve Impulses,Action Potential,Impulse, Nerve,Impulses, Nerve,Nerve Impulse,Potential, Action,Potential, Spike,Potentials, Action,Potentials, Spike,Spike Potential
D000768	Anesthesia, General	Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.	Anesthesias, General,General Anesthesia,General Anesthesias
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001463	Barbiturates	A class of chemicals derived from barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid. Many of these are GABA MODULATORS used as HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES, as ANESTHETICS, or as ANTICONVULSANTS.
D012453	Saimiri	A genus of the family CEBIDAE consisting of four species: S. boliviensis, S. orstedii (red-backed squirrel monkey), S. sciureus (common squirrel monkey), and S. ustus. They inhabit tropical rain forests in Central and South America. S. sciureus is used extensively in research studies.	Monkey, Squirrel,Squirrel Monkey,Monkeys, Squirrel,Saimirus,Squirrel Monkeys
D012665	Semicircular Canals	Three long canals (anterior, posterior, and lateral) of the bony labyrinth. They are set at right angles to each other and are situated posterosuperior to the vestibule of the bony labyrinth (VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH). The semicircular canals have five openings into the vestibule with one shared by the anterior and the posterior canals. Within the canals are the SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS.	Semi-Circular Canals,Canal, Semi-Circular,Canal, Semicircular,Semi Circular Canals,Semi-Circular Canal,Semicircular Canal
D014725	Vestibular Nerve	The vestibular part of the 8th cranial nerve (VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE). The vestibular nerve fibers arise from neurons of Scarpa's ganglion and project peripherally to vestibular hair cells and centrally to the VESTIBULAR NUCLEI of the BRAIN STEM. These fibers mediate the sense of balance and head position.	Scarpa's Ganglion,Ganglion, Scarpa's,Nerve, Vestibular,Nerves, Vestibular,Scarpa Ganglion,Scarpas Ganglion,Vestibular Nerves