Biomaterial Database

Mucociliary dysfunction in experimental otitis media with effusion. 1985

T Takasaka, and K Kawamoto

To investigate the morphologic changes of the eustachian tube mucociliary transport systems, experimental otitis media with effusion was induced by immune complex injection into the bullae of experimental animals. Horseradish peroxidase was chosen as an antigen because of its high antigenicity and traceability under light and electron microscopy. Seventy-three guinea pigs and 41 chinchillas were divided into three groups: active Arthus group, passive Arthus group, and control group. Animals were killed under general anesthesia from the first to 30th day after the injection. Within 5 days after injection, effusions were observed consistently in all animals, but in only 80 per cent on the 7th day and in only 50 per cent after the 10th day after injection. The most conspicuous findings were that the interciliary space of the mucociliary system was diffusely occupied by an electron-dense mucus, and the upper part of the ciliary shafts were tightly glued together. These features seem to indicate rheologic alterations of the mucus and a disorder of its coupling to the cilia. This study strongly suggests that the mucociliary coupling disorder caused by altered rheologic properties of the mucus causes clearance dysfunction of the eustachian tube, resulting in middle ear effusion. The various inflammatory products contained in the middle ear effusions elicit a persistent vicious cycle of inflammatory reactions in the tubotympanum.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D010033	Otitis Media	Inflammation of the MIDDLE EAR including the AUDITORY OSSICLES and the EUSTACHIAN TUBE.	Middle Ear Inflammation,Inflammation, Middle Ear
D010034	Otitis Media with Effusion	Inflammation of the middle ear with a clear pale yellow-colored transudate.	Middle Ear Effusion,Otitis Media, Secretory,Otitis Media, Serous,Ear Effusion, Middle,Ear Effusions, Middle,Effusion, Middle Ear,Effusions, Middle Ear,Middle Ear Effusions,Secretory Otitis Media,Serous Otitis Media
D002682	Chinchilla	A genus of the family Chinchillidae which consists of three species: C. brevicaudata, C. lanigera, and C. villidera. They are used extensively in biomedical research.	Chinchillas
D002923	Cilia	Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Motile Cilia,Motile Cilium,Nodal Cilia,Nodal Cilium,Primary Cilia,Primary Cilium,Cilium,Cilia, Motile,Cilia, Nodal,Cilia, Primary,Cilium, Motile,Cilium, Nodal,Cilium, Primary
D002925	Ciliary Motility Disorders	Conditions caused by abnormal CILIA movement in the body, usually causing KARTAGENER SYNDROME, chronic respiratory disorders, chronic SINUSITIS, and chronic OTITIS. Abnormal ciliary beating is likely due to defects in any of the 200 plus ciliary proteins, such as missing motor enzyme DYNEIN arms.	Ciliary Dyskinesia,Ciliary Dyskinesia, Primary,Immotile Cilia Syndrome,Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia,Ciliary Dyskinesias,Ciliary Motility Disorder,Disorder, Ciliary Motility,Dyskinesia, Ciliary,Dyskinesia, Primary Ciliary,Immotile Cilia Syndromes
D005064	Eustachian Tube	A narrow passageway that connects the upper part of the throat to the TYMPANIC CAVITY.	Auditory Tube,Pharyngotympanic Tube,Auditory Tubes,Eustachian Tubes,Pharyngotympanic Tubes,Tube, Auditory,Tube, Eustachian,Tube, Pharyngotympanic,Tubes, Auditory,Tubes, Eustachian,Tubes, Pharyngotympanic
D006168	Guinea Pigs	A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.	Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D006735	Horseradish Peroxidase	An enzyme isolated from horseradish which is able to act as an antigen. It is frequently used as a histochemical tracer for light and electron microscopy. Its antigenicity has permitted its use as a combined antigen and marker in experimental immunology.	Alpha-Peroxidase,Ferrihorseradish Peroxidase,Horseradish Peroxidase II,Horseradish Peroxidase III,Alpha Peroxidase,II, Horseradish Peroxidase,III, Horseradish Peroxidase,Peroxidase II, Horseradish,Peroxidase III, Horseradish,Peroxidase, Ferrihorseradish,Peroxidase, Horseradish
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia