-transparent.png){kind=logo}
In a prospective clinical study from an unselected area-based population, the influence on birth weight for gestational age (standardized birth weight) was studied with special respect to risk factors for intrauterine growth retardation. Smoking was the most important risk factor: 16% of the mothers smoked at least ten cigarettes per day, and the influence of smoking on standardized birth weight was highly significant (P less than .001). Maternal age in itself had no effect on standardized birth weight. However, among smokers the reduction in standardized birth weight became more pronounced with increasing maternal age (P less than .001). Longterm smoking has been reported to increase the risk of severe placental complications. This study emphasizes that elderly smokers also must be considered to be at a higher risk than younger smokers for developing fetal growth disturbances.
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
January 1990,
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
September 1995,
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.),
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
June 1998,
JAMA,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
December 2004,
BMC pregnancy and childbirth,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
December 1974,
Pediatric research,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
March 2010,
Thorax,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
September 1981,
Archives of disease in childhood,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
February 2002,
Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
August 2007,
Early human development,
S Cnattingius, and
O Axelsson, and
G Eklund, and
G Lindmark
May 2005,
The Journal of reproductive medicine,
