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Thirty-three type l diabetics who used continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin (CSll) and 24 diabetics on conventional treatment (maximum of two injections per day) were studied prospectively with ophthalmologic examinations, fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) determinations. Both groups were similar with respect to age, duration of diabetes, and length of follow-up. At entry almost all patients had only mild forms of diabetic retinopathy although three CSll patients had early proliferative retinopathy. The CSll groups achieved superior glycemic control throughout the study (mean HbA1 = 7.4% vs. 10.2%). After an average follow-up of more than 30 months, the CSll group showed significantly less progression of diabetic retinopathy as measured by macular aneurysm counts and by modified ETDRS grading. Careful control of glycemia may delay the progression of diabetic retinopathy.
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
January 1992,
Japanese journal of ophthalmology,
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
March 1991,
Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi,
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
October 1989,
Lancet (London, England),
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
November 1989,
Lancet (London, England),
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
April 2007,
Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960),
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
June 1996,
Diabetes care,
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
January 1990,
The Journal of diabetic complications,
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
July 1997,
Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie,
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
January 1990,
Lancet (London, England),
T R Friberg, and
J Rosenstock, and
G Sanborn, and
A Vaghefi, and
P Raskin
January 1993,
Eye (London, England),
