Biomaterial Database

Cell cycle kinetic measurements in an irradiated rat rhabdomyosarcoma using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine. 1985

M Nüsse, and S M Afzal, and B Carr, and K Kavanau

Cell cycle kinetics after X-irradiation were studied in a solid rat rhabdomyosarcoma using a monoclonal antibody to bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) in cells in which the DNA was labeled by BrdUrd. It could be shown that this tumor was composed of about 80% diploid host cells, and only 20% of the cells in the dissociated tumor were actually tetraploid tumor cells. When rats were injected intraperitoneally with BrdUrd to label S-phase cells in the tumor, only a fraction of both types of cells became labeled with BrdUrd during S-phase, even 24 h after injection. The diploid BrdUrd-labeled cells progressed rapidly into cycle; 4 h after injection of BrdUrd, labeled diploid G1-phase cells could be observed. Only 25% of the tetraploid S-phase cells could be labeled by a single injection of BrdUrd (160 mg/kg body weight). These labeled tetraploid cells progressed through the cell cycle with similar velocities as did labeled diploid cells. Using a "Mini Osmotic Pump" containing bromodeoxycytidine (BrdCyd) at high concentration (0.3 mol/L) that released BrdCyd continuously into the organism where it was converted to BrdUrd, it could be shown that after 2 days about 60% of cells in S-phase and 70% of cells in G2-phase were labeled. The fraction of labeled G2-phase cells in irradiated tumors (D = 10 and 20 Gy) was enhanced between 10 and 50 h after irradiation due to a radiation-induced G2 block in cycling tetraploid tumor cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011003	Ploidies	The degree of replication of the chromosome set in the karyotype.	Ploidy
D011419	Propidium	Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.	Propidium Diiodide,Propidium Iodide,Diiodide, Propidium,Iodide, Propidium
D001972	Bromodeoxycytidine	5-Bromo-2'-deoxycytidine. Can be incorporated into DNA in the presence of DNA polymerase, replacing dCTP.	5-Bromo-2'-Deoxycytidine,5 Bromo 2' Deoxycytidine
D001973	Bromodeoxyuridine	A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	BUdR,BrdU,Bromouracil Deoxyriboside,Broxuridine,5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine,5-Bromodeoxyuridine,NSC-38297,5 Bromo 2' deoxyuridine,5 Bromodeoxyuridine,Deoxyriboside, Bromouracil
D002453	Cell Cycle	The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. The cell cycle includes INTERPHASE, which includes G0 PHASE; G1 PHASE; S PHASE; and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE.	Cell Division Cycle,Cell Cycles,Cell Division Cycles,Cycle, Cell,Cycle, Cell Division,Cycles, Cell,Cycles, Cell Division,Division Cycle, Cell,Division Cycles, Cell
D004171	Diploidy	The chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of CHROMOSOME is represented twice. Symbol: 2N or 2X.	Diploid,Diploid Cell,Cell, Diploid,Cells, Diploid,Diploid Cells,Diploidies,Diploids
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000911	Antibodies, Monoclonal	Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.	Monoclonal Antibodies,Monoclonal Antibody,Antibody, Monoclonal
D012208	Rhabdomyosarcoma	A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)	Rhabdomyosarcomas
D014965	X-Rays	Penetrating electromagnetic radiation emitted when the inner orbital electrons of an atom are excited and release radiant energy. X-ray wavelengths range from 1 pm to 10 nm. Hard X-rays are the higher energy, shorter wavelength X-rays. Soft x-rays or Grenz rays are less energetic and longer in wavelength. The short wavelength end of the X-ray spectrum overlaps the GAMMA RAYS wavelength range. The distinction between gamma rays and X-rays is based on their radiation source.	Grenz Ray,Grenz Rays,Roentgen Ray,Roentgen Rays,X Ray,X-Ray,Xray,Radiation, X,X-Radiation,Xrays,Ray, Grenz,Ray, Roentgen,Ray, X,Rays, Grenz,Rays, Roentgen,Rays, X,X Radiation,X Rays,X-Radiations