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The dominant heredity of funnel chest formation is considered proved. The incidence of funnel chest is about 0.05% of the population, with the emphasis on boys. In very many cases deformities of the anterior chest wall are associated with other deformities. All patients with pigeon breast or funnel chest suffer considerably psychically under their deformity. This is the main indication for operation. The best age for operation is from the 2nd to 6th years of life. Conservative methods of treatment are never successful. Of the present day operative techniques, the stabilizing--by implantation of metal clips--are opposed to the nonstabilizing operative procedures. Both achieve equally good and completely satisfactory results in 85% of cases.
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
February 1982,
Kokyu to junkan. Respiration & circulation,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
March 1980,
Minerva chirurgica,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
January 1981,
Chirurgie pediatrique,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
November 1954,
Journal of the American Medical Association,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
January 1977,
Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
January 1963,
Medycyna doswiadczalna,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
February 1988,
Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie : organ der Deutschen, der Schweizerischen und der Osterreichischen Gesellschaft fur Kinderchirurgie = Surgery in infancy and childhood,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
November 1977,
Langenbecks Archiv fur Chirurgie,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
November 1981,
MMW, Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift,
W C Hecker, and
U Pöschl, and
W Billinger
December 1954,
The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume,
