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Some experiments, reported in detail elsewhere, on the effects of mother-infant separation in rhesus monkeys are here reviewed and compared. They involved 4 groups--one in which mothers were removed for 13 days leaving the infant in the social group; one in which infants were removed; one in which mothers and infants were removed and separated; and one in which mothers and infants were removed but not separated. The nature of separation experience had a profound effect on the infant's response: infants left in a familiar environment while their mothers were removed showed marked but brief 'protest' and then profound 'despair', whilst infants removed to a strange cage showed more prolonged 'protest'. A major factor determining the effects of the separation experience in the weeks following reunion is the degree to which the mother-infant relationship has been disturbed by it. The multiplicity of factors affecting the outcome of a separation experience are discussed.
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
February 1977,
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
August 1975,
Animal behaviour,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
April 1985,
Physiology & behavior,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
September 1972,
Nature,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
July 1971,
Science (New York, N.Y.),
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
January 1962,
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
January 1993,
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
June 1976,
Archives of general psychiatry,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
July 1969,
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,
R A Hinde, and
L Mcginnis
September 1975,
Developmental psychobiology,
