Biomaterial Database

Eye movements during reading: further case reports. 1985

K J Ciuffreda, and R V Kenyon, and L Stark

Eye movements during reading and nonreading tasks were measured in four patients having either Friedreich's ataxia, congenital dyslexia, acquired dyslexia with quadrantanopia, or acquired dyslexia with hemianopia. Abnormalities included saccadic intrusions, abnormally large dynamic overshoots, increased fixation duration and number of fixations, and/or reduced reading rate. The results clearly demonstrate the importance of objective eye movement recording for the precise specification of the abnormal reading pattern in patients with neurological dysfunctions.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D011932	Reading	Acquiring information from text.
D004410	Dyslexia	A cognitive disorder characterized by an impaired ability to comprehend written and printed words or phrases despite intact vision. This condition may be developmental or acquired. Developmental dyslexia is marked by reading achievement that falls substantially below that expected given the individual's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-appropriate education. The disturbance in reading significantly interferes with academic achievement or with activities of daily living that require reading skills. (From DSM-IV)	Alexia,Dyslexia, Developmental,Reading Disability, Developmental,Reading Disorder,Reading Disorder, Developmental,Developmental Reading Disorder,Word Blindness,Alexias,Blindness, Word,Blindnesses, Word,Developmental Dyslexia,Developmental Dyslexias,Developmental Reading Disabilities,Developmental Reading Disability,Developmental Reading Disorders,Disabilities, Developmental Reading,Disability, Developmental Reading,Disorder, Developmental Reading,Disorder, Reading,Disorders, Developmental Reading,Disorders, Reading,Dyslexias,Dyslexias, Developmental,Reading Disabilities, Developmental,Reading Disorders,Reading Disorders, Developmental,Word Blindnesses
D004411	Dyslexia, Acquired	A receptive visual aphasia characterized by the loss of a previously possessed ability to comprehend the meaning or significance of handwritten words, despite intact vision. This condition may be associated with posterior cerebral artery infarction (INFARCTION, POSTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY) and other BRAIN DISEASES.	Alexia, Acquired,Reading Disability, Acquired,Word Blindness, Acquired,Acquired Global Dyslexia,Acquired Spelling Dyslexia,Acquired Alexia,Acquired Dyslexia,Acquired Reading Disabilities,Acquired Reading Disability,Acquired Word Blindness,Acquired Word Blindnesses,Blindness, Acquired Word,Blindnesses, Acquired Word,Disabilities, Acquired Reading,Disability, Acquired Reading,Dyslexia, Acquired Global,Dyslexia, Acquired Spelling,Global Dyslexia, Acquired,Reading Disabilities, Acquired,Spelling Dyslexia, Acquired,Word Blindnesses, Acquired
D005133	Eye Movements	Voluntary or reflex-controlled movements of the eye.	Eye Movement,Movement, Eye,Movements, Eye
D005260	Female		Females
D005621	Friedreich Ataxia	An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine, rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure (secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness. Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75)	Friedreich Disease,Hereditary Spinal Sclerosis,Sclerosis, Hereditary Spinal,Friedreich Familial Ataxia,Friedreich Hereditary Ataxia,Friedreich Hereditary Spinal Ataxia,Friedreich Spinocerebellar Ataxia,Friedreich's Ataxia,Friedreich's Disease,Friedreich's Familial Ataxia,Friedreich's Hereditary Ataxia,Friedreich's Hereditary Spinal Ataxia,Hereditary Spinal Ataxia, Friedreich,Hereditary Spinal Ataxia, Friedreich's,Ataxia, Friedreich,Ataxia, Friedreich Familial,Ataxia, Friedreich Hereditary,Ataxia, Friedreich Spinocerebellar,Ataxia, Friedreich's,Ataxia, Friedreich's Familial,Ataxia, Friedreich's Hereditary,Ataxias, Friedreich,Ataxias, Friedreich's Hereditary,Disease, Friedreich,Disease, Friedreich's,Familial Ataxia, Friedreich,Familial Ataxia, Friedreich's,Friedreich Ataxias,Friedreich's Hereditary Ataxias,Friedreichs Familial Ataxia,Friedreichs Hereditary Ataxia,Hereditary Ataxia, Friedreich,Hereditary Ataxia, Friedreich's,Hereditary Ataxias, Friedreich's,Hereditary Spinal Scleroses,Scleroses, Hereditary Spinal,Spinal Scleroses, Hereditary,Spinal Sclerosis, Hereditary,Spinocerebellar Ataxia, Friedreich
D006423	Hemianopsia	Partial or complete loss of vision in one half of the visual field(s) of one or both eyes. Subtypes include altitudinal hemianopsia, characterized by a visual defect above or below the horizontal meridian of the visual field. Homonymous hemianopsia refers to a visual defect that affects both eyes equally, and occurs either to the left or right of the midline of the visual field. Binasal hemianopsia consists of loss of vision in the nasal hemifields of both eyes. Bitemporal hemianopsia is the bilateral loss of vision in the temporal fields. Quadrantanopsia refers to loss of vision in one quarter of the visual field in one or both eyes.	Hemianopsia, Binasal,Hemianopsia, Bitemporal,Hemianopsia, Homonymous,Quadrantanopsia,Altidudinal Hemianopia,Altitudinal Hemianopsia,Binasal Hemianopia,Bitemporal Hemianopia,Hemianopia,Homonymous Hemianopia,Quadrantanopia,Altidudinal Hemianopias,Altitudinal Hemianopsias,Binasal Hemianopias,Binasal Hemianopsia,Binasal Hemianopsias,Bitemporal Hemianopias,Bitemporal Hemianopsia,Bitemporal Hemianopsias,Hemianopia, Altidudinal,Hemianopia, Binasal,Hemianopia, Bitemporal,Hemianopia, Homonymous,Hemianopias,Hemianopias, Altidudinal,Hemianopias, Binasal,Hemianopias, Bitemporal,Hemianopias, Homonymous,Hemianopsia, Altitudinal,Hemianopsias,Hemianopsias, Altitudinal,Hemianopsias, Binasal,Hemianopsias, Bitemporal,Hemianopsias, Homonymous,Homonymous Hemianopias,Homonymous Hemianopsia,Homonymous Hemianopsias,Quadrantanopias,Quadrantanopsias
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults