Biomaterial Database

Influence of atropine upon ageing and reactivation of soman inhibited acetylcholinesterase from human erythrocytes. Preliminary communication. 1985

H Kuhnen, and A Schrichten, and K Schoene

From human blood concentrates erythrocyte "ghosts" were prepared. These and an enzyme solution, obtained by Triton X 100 treatment of the ghosts, were reacted with 1.2.2-trimethylpropyl-methyl-phosphonylfluoridate (soman). The rate constants of inhibition of the membrane bound and solubilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were determined at 3 degrees C, pH 8 and 9 to be 2 X 10(7) and 1.4 X 10(7) mol-1 min-1, respectively. Ageing of the phosphonylated AChE occurred with rate constants of 3.5 X 10(-2) (ghost bound) and 1.3 X 10(-2) (solubilized) min-1 at 3 degrees C, pH 8. 5 X 10(-4) mol/l atropine decreased the ageing rate by 50%. Reactivation of the non aged phosphonyl-AChE by several pyridinium oximes was enhanced by atropine with the ghost-bound enzyme; the reactivation of the phosphonylated solubilized enzyme, however, was not affected by atropine.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002800	Cholinesterase Inhibitors	Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.	Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor,Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors,Anti-Cholinesterase,Anticholinesterase,Anticholinesterase Agent,Anticholinesterase Agents,Anticholinesterase Drug,Cholinesterase Inhibitor,Anti-Cholinesterases,Anticholinesterase Drugs,Anticholinesterases,Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Irreversible,Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Reversible,Agent, Anticholinesterase,Agents, Anticholinesterase,Anti Cholinesterase,Anti Cholinesterases,Drug, Anticholinesterase,Drugs, Anticholinesterase,Inhibitor, Acetylcholinesterase,Inhibitor, Cholinesterase,Inhibitors, Acetylcholinesterase,Inhibitors, Cholinesterase,Inhibitors, Irreversible Cholinesterase,Inhibitors, Reversible Cholinesterase,Irreversible Cholinesterase Inhibitors,Reversible Cholinesterase Inhibitors
D002801	Cholinesterase Reactivators	Drugs used to reverse the inactivation of cholinesterase caused by organophosphates or sulfonates. They are an important component of therapy in agricultural, industrial, and military poisonings by organophosphates and sulfonates.	Insecticides, Organophosphate, Antagonists,Insecticides, Organothiophosphate, Antagonists,Organophosphate Insecticide Antagonists,Organothiophosphate Insecticide Antagonists,Antagonists, Organophosphate Insecticide,Antagonists, Organothiophosphate Insecticide,Insecticide Antagonists, Organophosphate,Insecticide Antagonists, Organothiophosphate,Reactivators, Cholinesterase
D004912	Erythrocytes	Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.	Blood Cells, Red,Blood Corpuscles, Red,Red Blood Cells,Red Blood Corpuscles,Blood Cell, Red,Blood Corpuscle, Red,Erythrocyte,Red Blood Cell,Red Blood Corpuscle
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000110	Acetylcholinesterase	An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ACETYLCHOLINE to CHOLINE and acetate. In the CNS, this enzyme plays a role in the function of peripheral neuromuscular junctions. EC 3.1.1.7.	Acetylcholine Hydrolase,Acetylthiocholinesterase,Hydrolase, Acetylcholine
D001285	Atropine	An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.	AtroPen,Atropin Augenöl,Atropine Sulfate,Atropine Sulfate Anhydrous,Atropinol,Anhydrous, Atropine Sulfate,Augenöl, Atropin,Sulfate Anhydrous, Atropine,Sulfate, Atropine
D012999	Soman	An organophosphorus compound that inhibits cholinesterase. It causes seizures and has been used as a chemical warfare agent.	Pinacolyl Methylphosphonofluoridate,Methylphosphonofluoridate, Pinacolyl