Biomaterial Database

Sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to sulphonamides and trimethoprim and the activity of the combination trimethoprim: sulphamethoxazole. 1977

D Grey, and J M Hamilton-Miller

The activities of three sulphonamides and trimethoprim against strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been studied. Sulphadiazine had most activity, sulphadimidine had little, and the activity of sulphamethoxazole was intermediate. According to their sensitivity to sulphamethoxazole, strains were divided into two groups: "highly resistant" (16%, MIC greater than 1000 microgram per ml) and "moderately resistant" (84%, MIC less than or equal to 1000 microgram per ml). The former were resistant on disk testing to Sulphatriad 300 microgram. Sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim did not act in synergy against them. The moderately resistant strains were sensitive to Sulphatriad; trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole showed marked synergy against them in agar-plate dilution tests. The concentrations of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole necessary for synergy lay for each drug within the range of concentrations at which they have been found in urine, and the ratio of their MICs when acting in synergy was similar to the ratio of their concentrations in urine. It is suggested that a disk containing trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole in a ratio of 1 : 2 rather than 1 : 20 would be more appropriate when testing strains from urine for their sensitivity to co-trimoxazole.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008826	Microbial Sensitivity Tests	Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses).	Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D011550	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.	Bacillus aeruginosus,Bacillus pyocyaneus,Bacterium aeruginosum,Bacterium pyocyaneum,Micrococcus pyocyaneus,Pseudomonas polycolor,Pseudomonas pyocyanea
D004305	Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.	Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004357	Drug Synergism	The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.	Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D013045	Species Specificity	The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.	Species Specificities,Specificities, Species,Specificity, Species
D013411	Sulfadiazine	One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.	Sulfazin,Sulfazine,Sulphadiazine,Zinc Sulfadiazine,Sulfadiazine, Zinc
D013420	Sulfamethoxazole	A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208)	Sulfamethylisoxazole,Gantanol,Sulfisomezole,Sulphamethoxazole
D013449	Sulfonamides	A group of compounds that contain the structure SO2NH2.	Sulfonamide,Sulfonamide Mixture,Sulfonamide Mixtures,Mixture, Sulfonamide,Mixtures, Sulfonamide
D014295	Trimethoprim	A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.	Proloprim,Trimpex