Peritoneography is the radiological presentation of the peritoneal cavity or a part of it. In 20 patients a water-soluble contrast medium (Urovison for infusion 30%, 500 ml) was injected after addition of indifferent infusion solutions, or the contrast medium was mixed with the ascitic fluid remaining in the cavity after abdominal puncture of patients with ascites. In all 20 patients the diaphragm and the liver or its right lobe, in 16 patients (50%) the spleen, in 8 patients (40%) the right kidney and in 5 patients (25%) the fundus of the gall bladder could be defined. The filling of hernial sacs, outlining extraluminal tumors and the subphrenic space are considered to be the most important clinical indications for this simple and harmless method investigation.