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Multivalent antigen which is bound to antibody can be difficult to measure and detect. There are 2 reasons for this phenomenon: (a) The antibody can mask the antigen so that it cannot react with antibody in the in vitro test system and (b) Complexes of multivalent antigen and antibody can precipitate spontaneously. In this study solutions to these problems were developed for the special case in which the antigen-antibody bond is of low affinity. The masking effect of low affinity antibody could be overcome by using a very high affinity antibody (K = 10(10) M-1) in the test system. The precipitation problem could be minimized by using fresh or thawed fresh frozen serum. In cases where antigen detection, rather than quantitation, is required, analysis of precipitates may be preferable because antigen is often selectively concentrated in the redissolved precipitates over serum values.
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
June 1974,
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950),
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
August 1989,
Clinical and experimental immunology,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
January 1981,
Journal of immunological methods,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
April 1993,
Current opinion in immunology,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
January 1982,
International archives of allergy and applied immunology,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
October 1989,
Immunology today,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
October 1976,
Transplantation,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
August 1977,
Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
January 1982,
Biochemistry,
W R Griswold, and
D P Nelson
January 1980,
Agents and actions. Supplements,
