Biomaterial Database

Quantitative solubilization of nonhistone chromosomal proteins without denaturation using zwitterionic detergents. 1985

Y Matuo, and S Matsui, and N Nishi, and F Wada, and A A Sandberg

Of three kinds of commercial zwitterionic detergents [SB 12, SB 14, and 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (Chaps)], SB 12 and Chaps were more useful than SB 14 because of high solubility and less interference with protein assay. Efficiency for protein solubilization at pH 6-9 was higher for SB 12 than for Chaps with either calf thymus chromatin or rat liver nuclei. At pH 9 and ionic strength (I) = 0.35, 1% SB 12 and 1% Chaps were capable of solubilizing about 70% and about 47% of total proteins in rat liver nuclei, respectively. Core histones in rat liver nuclei were extracted to a lesser extent with Chaps than with SB 12. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and isopeptidase activities were barely inactivated by 1% Chaps at pH 8-9, but isopeptidase activity was inhibited by 0.3% SB 12. These facts indicate that whereas SB 12 is effective for solubilization of whole nuclear proteins, Chaps is suitable for the selective extraction of nonhistone chromosomal proteins without denaturation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008190	Lyases	A class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-O, and C-N, and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.	Desmolase,Desmolases,Lyase
D009994	Osmolar Concentration	The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.	Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D011489	Protein Denaturation	Disruption of the non-covalent bonds and/or disulfide bonds responsible for maintaining the three-dimensional shape and activity of the native protein.	Denaturation, Protein,Denaturations, Protein,Protein Denaturations
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002793	Cholic Acids	The 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholanic acid family of bile acids in man, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. They act as detergents to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, are reabsorbed by the small intestine, and are used as cholagogues and choleretics.	Cholalic Acids,Acids, Cholalic,Acids, Cholic
D002868	Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone	Nucleoproteins, which in contrast to HISTONES, are acid insoluble. They are involved in chromosomal functions; e.g. they bind selectively to DNA, stimulate transcription resulting in tissue-specific RNA synthesis and undergo specific changes in response to various hormones or phytomitogens.	Non-Histone Chromosomal Proteins,Chromosomal Proteins, Non Histone,Chromosomal Proteins, Nonhistone,Non-Histone Chromosomal Phosphoproteins,Chromosomal Phosphoproteins, Non-Histone,Non Histone Chromosomal Phosphoproteins,Non Histone Chromosomal Proteins,Nonhistone Chromosomal Proteins,Proteins, Non-Histone Chromosomal
D003902	Detergents	Purifying or cleansing agents, usually salts of long-chain aliphatic bases or acids, that exert cleansing (oil-dissolving) and antimicrobial effects through a surface action that depends on possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.	Cleansing Agents,Detergent Pods,Laundry Detergent Pods,Laundry Pods,Syndet,Synthetic Detergent,Agent, Cleansing,Agents, Cleansing,Cleansing Agent,Detergent,Detergent Pod,Detergent Pod, Laundry,Detergent Pods, Laundry,Detergent, Synthetic,Detergents, Synthetic,Laundry Detergent Pod,Laundry Pod,Pod, Detergent,Pod, Laundry,Pod, Laundry Detergent,Pods, Detergent,Pods, Laundry,Pods, Laundry Detergent,Synthetic Detergents
D004591	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGE,Gel Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide,SDS PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGEs
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations