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Evidence is presented suggesting that streptomycin binds to 16S RNA or to 30S ribosomal subunits at the same topographical site located on the RNA chain. The equally bactericidal dihydrostreptomycin binds to the same site as streptomycin but with lower affinity. The effect of drug binding to 16S RNA (measured by reconstitution inhibition) is readily reversible, while that of drug binding to 30S subunits (measured by misreading) persists after removal of the drug. Binding of the drug is not a necessary and sufficient reason for killing.
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