Analytical study of microsomes and isolated subcellular membranes from rat liver. II. Preparation and composition of the microsomal fraction. 1974

A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet

Liver homogenates have been submitted to quantitative fractionation by differential centrifugation. Three particulate fractions: N (nuclear), ML (large granules), and P (microsomes), and a final supernate (S) have been obtained. The biochemical composition of the microsomal fraction has been established from the assay and distribution pattern of 25 enzymatic and chemical constituents. These included marker enzymes for mitochondria (cytochrome oxidase), lysosomes (acid phosphatase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase), and peroxisomes (catalase). The microsomal preparations were characterized by a moderate contamination with large cytoplasmic granules (only 6.2% of microsomal protein) and by a high yield in microsomal components. Enzymes such as glucose 6-phosphatase, nucleoside diphosphatase, esterase, glucuronyltransferase, NADPH cytochrome c reductase, aminopyrine demethylase, and galactosyltransferase were recovered in the microsomes to the extent of 70% or more. Another typical behavior was shown by 5'-nucleotidase, alkaline phosphatase, alkaline phosphodiesterase I, and cholesterol, which exhibited a "nucleomicrosomal" distribution. Other complex distributions were obtained for several constituents recovered in significant amount in the microsomes and in the ML or in the S fraction.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D008566 Membranes Thin layers of tissue which cover parts of the body, separate adjacent cavities, or connect adjacent structures. Membrane Tissue,Membrane,Membrane Tissues,Tissue, Membrane,Tissues, Membrane
D008862 Microsomes, Liver Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough. Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D008995 Monoamine Oxidase An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of naturally occurring monoamines. It is a flavin-containing enzyme that is localized in mitochondrial membranes, whether in nerve terminals, the liver, or other organs. Monoamine oxidase is important in regulating the metabolic degradation of catecholamines and serotonin in neural or target tissues. Hepatic monoamine oxidase has a crucial defensive role in inactivating circulating monoamines or those, such as tyramine, that originate in the gut and are absorbed into the portal circulation. (From Goodman and Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p415) EC 1.4.3.4. Amine Oxidase (Flavin-Containing),MAO,MAO-A,MAO-B,Monoamine Oxidase A,Monoamine Oxidase B,Type A Monoamine Oxidase,Type B Monoamine Oxidase,Tyramine Oxidase,MAO A,MAO B,Oxidase, Monoamine,Oxidase, Tyramine
D010743 Phospholipids Lipids containing one or more phosphate groups, particularly those derived from either glycerol (phosphoglycerides see GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPIDS) or sphingosine (SPHINGOLIPIDS). They are polar lipids that are of great importance for the structure and function of cell membranes and are the most abundant of membrane lipids, although not stored in large amounts in the system. Phosphatides,Phospholipid
D010744 Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases A group of hydrolases which catalyze the hydrolysis of monophosphoric esters with the production of one mole of orthophosphate. Phosphatase,Phosphatases,Phosphohydrolase,Phosphohydrolases,Phosphomonoesterase,Phosphomonoesterases,Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolase,Hydrolase, Phosphoric Monoester,Hydrolases, Phosphoric Monoester,Monoester Hydrolase, Phosphoric
D011506 Proteins Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D002374 Catalase An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to water and oxygen. It is present in many animal cells. A deficiency of this enzyme results in ACATALASIA. Catalase A,Catalase T,Manganese Catalase,Mn Catalase
D002458 Cell Fractionation Techniques to partition various components of the cell into SUBCELLULAR FRACTIONS. Cell Fractionations,Fractionation, Cell,Fractionations, Cell
D002499 Centrifugation, Density Gradient Separation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium each particle settles in the gradient at a point equal to its density. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Centrifugations, Density Gradient,Density Gradient Centrifugation,Density Gradient Centrifugations,Gradient Centrifugation, Density,Gradient Centrifugations, Density

Related Publications

A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
April 1981, The Journal of cell biology,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
November 1976, The Journal of cell biology,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
November 1976, The Journal of cell biology,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
January 1986, Advances in experimental medicine and biology,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
March 1973, The Journal of cell biology,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
October 1978, Biochimica et biophysica acta,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
January 1985, Folia biologica,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
December 1971, Biochimica et biophysica acta,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
September 1968, Life sciences,
A Amar-Costesec, and H Beaufay, and M Wibo, and D Thinès-Sempoux, and E Feytmans, and M Robbi, and J Berthet
August 2014, Cold Spring Harbor protocols,
Copied contents to your clipboard!