Biomaterial Database

Influence of SKF-525A congeners, strophanthidin and tissue-culture media on desensitization in frog skeletal muscle. 1974

D A Terrar

1 Microelectrodes have been used to follow changes in membrane potential at end-plate regions of frog skeletal muscle fibres exposed to carbachol; the depolarizing drug was applied to narrow strips of muscle in a rapidly flowing solution containing relatively impermeant anions rather than chloride.2 During prolonged applications of carbachol (10 to 20 muM), the depolarization caused by the drug showed a gradual decline which was attributed to desensitization.3 Desensitization was little if at all affected by supplementing the external solution with factors present in tissue-culture media, or by treating the muscle with strophanthidin (25 muM).4 The rate of repolarization in the presence of carbachol (10 to 20 muM) was greatly increased by the SKF-525A congeners pipenzolate bromide (10 muM) and adiphenine hydrochloride (1 muM). The desensitization-enhancing action of these compounds is discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008564	Membrane Potentials	The voltage differences across a membrane. For cellular membranes they are computed by subtracting the voltage measured outside the membrane from the voltage measured inside the membrane. They result from differences of inside versus outside concentration of potassium, sodium, chloride, and other ions across cells' or ORGANELLES membranes. For excitable cells, the resting membrane potentials range between -30 and -100 millivolts. Physical, chemical, or electrical stimuli can make a membrane potential more negative (hyperpolarization), or less negative (depolarization).	Resting Potentials,Transmembrane Potentials,Delta Psi,Resting Membrane Potential,Transmembrane Electrical Potential Difference,Transmembrane Potential Difference,Difference, Transmembrane Potential,Differences, Transmembrane Potential,Membrane Potential,Membrane Potential, Resting,Membrane Potentials, Resting,Potential Difference, Transmembrane,Potential Differences, Transmembrane,Potential, Membrane,Potential, Resting,Potential, Transmembrane,Potentials, Membrane,Potentials, Resting,Potentials, Transmembrane,Resting Membrane Potentials,Resting Potential,Transmembrane Potential,Transmembrane Potential Differences
D008839	Microelectrodes	Electrodes with an extremely small tip, used in a voltage clamp or other apparatus to stimulate or record bioelectric potentials of single cells intracellularly or extracellularly. (Dorland, 28th ed)	Electrodes, Miniaturized,Electrode, Miniaturized,Microelectrode,Miniaturized Electrode,Miniaturized Electrodes
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D009467	Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents	Drugs that interrupt transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction by causing sustained depolarization of the motor end plate. These agents are primarily used as adjuvants in surgical anesthesia to cause skeletal muscle relaxation.	Depolarizing Muscle Relaxants,Muscle Relaxants, Depolarizing,Depolarizing Blockers,Agents, Neuromuscular Depolarizing,Blockers, Depolarizing,Depolarizing Agents, Neuromuscular,Relaxants, Depolarizing Muscle
D010115	Oxyphenonium	A quaternary ammonium anticholinergic agent with peripheral side effects similar to those of ATROPINE. It is used as an adjunct in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, and to relieve visceral spasms. The drug has also been used in the form of eye drops for mydriatic effect.	Oxyphenonium Bromide,Oxyphenonium Chloride,Oxyphenonium Iodide,2-((Cyclohexylhydroxyphenylacetyl)oxy)-N,N-diethyl-N-methylethanaminium,Atrenyl,Metacin,Methacin,Oxyphenon,Oxyphenonium Bromide, (+)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Bromide, (+-)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Bromide, (-)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Iodide, (R)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium Iodide, (S)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium, (+-)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium, (R)-Isomer,Oxyphenonium, (S)-Isomer,Spastrex,Bromide, Oxyphenonium,Chloride, Oxyphenonium,Iodide, Oxyphenonium
D010880	Piperidines	A family of hexahydropyridines.
D011335	Proadifen	An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	Propyladiphenin,Diethylaminoethyldiphenylpropyl Acetate,Proadifen Hydrochloride,SK&F-525-A,SK-525A,SKF-525-A,SKF-525A,Acetate, Diethylaminoethyldiphenylpropyl,Hydrochloride, Proadifen,SK 525A,SK&F 525 A,SK&F525A,SK525A,SKF 525 A,SKF525A
D011896	Rana temporaria	A species of the family Ranidae occurring in a wide variety of habitats from within the Arctic Circle to South Africa, Australia, etc.	European Common Frog,Frog, Common European,Common European Frog,Common Frog, European,European Frog, Common,Frog, European Common
D002217	Carbachol	A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	Carbamylcholine,Carbacholine,Carbamann,Carbamoylcholine,Carbastat,Carbocholine,Carboptic,Doryl,Isopto Carbachol,Jestryl,Miostat,Carbachol, Isopto