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Development of teratocarcinoma does not impair immunization of mice against Listeria monocytogenes. Endotoxin injection a short time before tumor cell inoculation allows the growth of teratocarcinoma in non syngenic mice despite immune stimulation. In contrast with this absence of impaired systematic immunity, teratocarcinoma cells were found to repulse macrophages in vitro. This effect on macrophages was also found with three other malignant cells and with trophoblast cells. In vivo, teratocarcinoma cells were found to impair local inflammation. These cells and other malignant cells are able to produce a compound(s) of molecular weight between 10(3) and 10(4), which prevents inflammatory reaction. These results suggest that mouse teratocarcinomas and other tumors by-pass the host immunological system of surveillance by at least two mechanisms: a direct toxic effect on macrophages and the release of an inhibitor of inflammation. The possible relations between these properties of malignant cells and physiological functions of trophoblast are discussed.
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