Biomaterial Database

Water uptake and energy metabolism in brain slices from the rat. 1970

K Okamoto, and J H Quastel

1. Exchange of (3)H(2)O with H(2)O takes place rapidly in incubated rat brain slices but at a lower rate in slices from infant brain than from adult brain. The temperature coefficient (Q(10)) of the exchange process, between 37 and 4 degrees C, is 1.76 with infant brain and 1.26 with adult brain. The exchange process is unaffected by the presence of ouabain or 2,4-dinitrophenol. 2. An approximately linear relationship exists between water uptake and the concentration of ATP in the incubated slices in the presence of various concentrations of glucose. Little or no change occurs in water uptake and ATP concentration in the presence of a glucose concentration exceeding 3mm. A linear relationship also exists between the water uptake and ATP concentration in the presence of 10mm-glucose and various concentrations of sodium l-glutamate but the line is parallel to that found with changed glucose concentrations and shifted in the direction of increased water uptake. A similar parallel relationship exists between water uptake and ATP concentration in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol, but the amount of water uptake is significantly smaller in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol than in its absence. 3. Copper chloride (0.3mm) or mercuric chloride (0.3mm) both increase water uptake and diminish the ATP concentration in slices. Sodium malonate (2mm) or sodium d-glutamate (10mm) has similar effects. 4. Substances, or conditions, affecting water uptake in incubated brain slices may be divided roughly into two classes in accordance with their effects on adenosine triphosphatase and membrane permeability, but there may be considerable lack of specificity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008314	Malonates	Derivatives of malonic acid (the structural formula CH2(COOH)2), including its salts and esters.
D008628	Mercury	A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.
D010042	Ouabain	A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.	Acocantherin,G-Strophanthin,Acolongifloroside K,G Strophanthin
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D001923	Brain Chemistry	Changes in the amounts of various chemicals (neurotransmitters, receptors, enzymes, and other metabolites) specific to the area of the central nervous system contained within the head. These are monitored over time, during sensory stimulation, or under different disease states.	Chemistry, Brain,Brain Chemistries,Chemistries, Brain
D002463	Cell Membrane Permeability	A quality of cell membranes which permits the passage of solvents and solutes into and out of cells.	Permeability, Cell Membrane
D002540	Cerebral Cortex	The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.	Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D003300	Copper	A heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55.	Copper-63,Copper 63
D004140	Dinitrophenols	Organic compounds that contain two nitro groups attached to a phenol.