Biomaterial Database

[Effect of triiodothyronine and ICl on protein synthesis in cell-free systems]. 1979

R R Rachev, and M I Dimitrov, and E Kh Filipova

Iodine ions exhibited the thyroxin-like effect on incorporation of 1-14C-leucine into proteins of isolated mitochondria and microsomes of thyroidectomized rats in vitro. Thyroxin, triiodothyronine (T3) and ICl increased the incorporation of 1-14C-leucine into proteins of isolated mitochondria of thyroidectomized rats, but did not affect the protein synthesis in microsomes in vitro. Rifampycin and olivomycin abolished completely the stimulating effect of T3 and ICl on incorporation of the label into mitochondrial proteins. The thyroid hormones and iodine ions stimulated protein synthesis in vitro in liver microsomes of thyroidectomized animals only after preincubation with mitochondria or nuclei. In these conditions preincubation with mitochondria elevated the rate of 1-14C-leucine incorporation into microsomal proteins 2--2.5-fold. In similar experiments with nuclei--4--4.8-fold stimulation was detected. Thyroid hormones and iodine ions stimulated synthesis of specific factors in mitochondria (MBS) and in nuclei (NBS) of thyroidectomized rat liver tissue, which increased the protein synthesis in isolated microsomes in vitro. Synthesis of MBS- and NBS-factor required the presence of all the four ribosetriphosphates (ATP, GTP, UTP, CTP) and was inhibited completely by olivomycin; rifampycin blocked only the MBS factor synthesis. NBS- and MBS-factors appear to be RNA (mRNA), synthesized in nuclei and mitochondria, which are transported into the incubation media and translated by ribosomes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007455	Iodine	A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.	Iodine-127,Iodine 127
D008297	Male		Males
D008862	Microsomes, Liver	Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.	Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D008930	Mitochondria, Liver	Mitochondria in hepatocytes. As in all mitochondria, there are an outer membrane and an inner membrane, together creating two separate mitochondrial compartments: the internal matrix space and a much narrower intermembrane space. In the liver mitochondrion, an estimated 67% of the total mitochondrial proteins is located in the matrix. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p343-4)	Liver Mitochondria,Liver Mitochondrion,Mitochondrion, Liver
D009848	Olivomycins	A mixture of several closely related glycosidic antibiotics obtained from Actinomyces (or Streptomyces) olivoreticuli. They are used as fluorescent dyes that bind to DNA and prevent both RNA and protein synthesis and are also used as antineoplastic agents.	Olivomycin
D002474	Cell-Free System	A fractionated cell extract that maintains a biological function. A subcellular fraction isolated by ultracentrifugation or other separation techniques must first be isolated so that a process can be studied free from all of the complex side reactions that occur in a cell. The cell-free system is therefore widely used in cell biology. (From Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2d ed, p166)	Cellfree System,Cell Free System,Cell-Free Systems,Cellfree Systems,System, Cell-Free,System, Cellfree,Systems, Cell-Free,Systems, Cellfree
D003570	Cytidine Triphosphate	Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	CTP,CRPPP,Magnesium CTP,Mg CTP,Triphosphate, Cytidine
D006160	Guanosine Triphosphate	Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.	GTP,Triphosphate, Guanosine
D000255	Adenosine Triphosphate	An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.	ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia