With the help of a comparative analysis of the cardiovascular risk profile of 150 patients with diabetes mellitus, 62 patients with condition after myocardial infarction and 50 control patients of a rural district with 30,000 inhabitants was established that the spectre of the risk factors widely corresponds. According to a point valuation the diabetics on an average reached 3.36 points and the patients with a condition after myocardial infarction reached 2.66 points. In comparison of the curves a nearly identical course with "a shift to the right" of the patients with diabetes mellitus about the factor of the disturbance of the glucose metabolism could be proved. Concluding from this a general conception of the treatment was described. In this case the aim is a balanced therapy of the factors of risk and a preventive physical conditioning of diabetics with a high risk of infarction. In our investigations was furthermore conspicuous, deviating from literature, a very large proportion of patients with a hyperuricaemia (33.3% of the diabetics, 41.9% of the patients with infarction).