The fungus Aspergillus ficuum NRRL 3135 is known to produce an extracellular nonspecific orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.2) with a pH optimum of 2.0, as well as an extracellular myo-inositol hexaphosphate phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.8; phytase) with pH optima of 2.0 and 5.5. Both these enzymes are also known to hydrolyze myo-inositol hexaphosphate. The pentaphosphates liberated in the first step of this hydrolysis have been isolated and identified by ion-exchange chromatography and optical rotation. The nonspecific orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase produces a single pentaphosphate, d-myo-inositol-1,2,4,5,6-pentaphosphate, whereas the phytase, at both pH 2.0 and 5.5, produces a mixture of two pentaphosphates. The major component of this mixture is d-myo-inositol-1,2,4,5,6-pentaphosphate and the other is d-myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5-pentaphosphate. Thus the pathways of dephosphorylation of myo-inositol hexaphosphate by these two enzymes differ from that of wheat-bran phytase which forms l-myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5-pentaphosphate.