During a 10-year period, five laparotomies were performed on three patients for hemorrhage from nonneoplastic ovarian lesions that occurred while the patients were on anticoagulant therapy. The patients were stabilized with blood transfusions, given medication to reverse the anticoagulants and underwent immediate surgery. Nineteen similar patients have been reported on previously. During the brief follow-up a 31% incidence of recurrent hemorrhage was observed in those patients continued on anticoagulants postoperatively. All physicians caring for women on anticoagulants should be on the alert for this life-threatening complication.