Biomaterial Database

Thermal dosimetry and temperature measurements. 1979

D A Christensen

A crucial ingredient of any hyperthermia procedure is the accurate measurement of achieved temperature. In this paper, we present some accuracy and resolution suggestions and address the problem of temperature measurements when electromagnetic energy is used as the mode of heating. In such cases, conventional metallic thermometers can cause severe errors due to reradiated fields, high internal healing, and electronic interference. To avoid these problems, several groups have developed either high-resistance lead thermometers or optical-fiber probes using a variety of sensors, including birefringent and semiconductor crystals. A new noninvasive approach uses ultrasound-computed tomography and relies upon the change in the speed of sound versus temperature to achieve maps of internal tissue temperature.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009369	Neoplasms	New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	Benign Neoplasm,Cancer,Malignant Neoplasm,Tumor,Tumors,Benign Neoplasms,Malignancy,Malignant Neoplasms,Neoplasia,Neoplasm,Neoplasms, Benign,Cancers,Malignancies,Neoplasias,Neoplasm, Benign,Neoplasm, Malignant,Neoplasms, Malignant
D004574	Electromagnetic Fields	Fields representing the joint interplay of electric and magnetic forces.	Electromagnetic Field,Field, Electromagnetic,Fields, Electromagnetic
D005336	Fiber Optic Technology	The technology of transmitting light over long distances through strands of glass or other transparent material.	Fiber Optic Technologies,Optic Technologies, Fiber,Optic Technology, Fiber,Technologies, Fiber Optic,Technology, Fiber Optic
D006358	Hot Temperature	Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm.	Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013817	Thermography	Imaging the temperatures in a material, or in the body or an organ. Imaging is based on self-emanating infrared radiation (HEAT WAVES), or on changes in properties of the material or tissue that vary with temperature, such as ELASTICITY; MAGNETIC FIELD; or LUMINESCENCE.	Temperature Mapping,Mapping, Temperature,Mappings, Temperature,Temperature Mappings
D013821	Thermometers	Measuring instruments for determining the temperature of matter. Most thermometers used in the field of medicine are designed for measuring body temperature or for use in the clinical laboratory. (From UMDNS, 1999)	Thermometer
D013997	Time Factors	Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.	Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014054	Tomography	Imaging methods that result in sharp images of objects located on a chosen plane and blurred images located above or below the plane.	Tomographies
D014463	Ultrasonography	The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.	Echography,Echotomography,Echotomography, Computer,Sonography, Medical,Tomography, Ultrasonic,Ultrasonic Diagnosis,Ultrasonic Imaging,Ultrasonographic Imaging,Computer Echotomography,Diagnosis, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasound,Ultrasonic Tomography,Ultrasound Imaging,Diagnoses, Ultrasonic,Diagnostic Ultrasounds,Imaging, Ultrasonic,Imaging, Ultrasonographic,Imaging, Ultrasound,Imagings, Ultrasonographic,Imagings, Ultrasound,Medical Sonography,Ultrasonic Diagnoses,Ultrasonographic Imagings,Ultrasound, Diagnostic,Ultrasounds, Diagnostic