Biomaterial Database

Mechanism of renaturation of pyruvate kinase of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis: activation by L-valine and magnesium and manganese ions. 1974

L Bornmann, and B Hess, and H Zimmermann-Telschow

Pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) of S. carlsbergensis is a tetrameric enzyme, composed of four identical subunits each of which contains 1 mole of L-valine noncovalently bound. The enzyme readily dissociates into monomeric units. L-Valine and magnesium or manganese ions are specific primers of the renaturation process of the enzyme. The amino acid induces renaturation with a K(0.5) of 17 muM and a pseudo first-order rate constant of 0.019 min(-1) at 25 degrees with respect to the monomeric species, indicating that L-valine influences the folding of the monomeric form from a disordered state to its native conformation being followed by a spontaneous reassociation with formation of the tetrameric enzyme. Independently, magnesium and manganese ions induce the renaturation with a first-order rate constant of the same magnitude.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008024	Ligands	A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)	Ligand
D008274	Magnesium	A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
D008345	Manganese	A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035)
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D011487	Protein Conformation	The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).	Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D011770	Pyruvate Kinase	ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase. A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of ATP. It has four isozymes (L, R, M1, and M2). Deficiency of the enzyme results in hemolytic anemia. EC 2.7.1.40.	L-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M1-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M2-Type Pyruvate Kinase,Pyruvate Kinase L,R-Type Pyruvate Kinase,L Type Pyruvate Kinase,M Type Pyruvate Kinase,M1 Type Pyruvate Kinase,M2 Type Pyruvate Kinase,Pyruvate Kinase, L-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M1-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M2-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, R-Type,R Type Pyruvate Kinase
D004789	Enzyme Activation	Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.	Activation, Enzyme,Activations, Enzyme,Enzyme Activations
D012440	Saccharomyces	A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Saccharomycetaceae, order SACCHAROMYCETALES.	Saccharomyce
D014633	Valine	A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.	L-Valine,L Valine